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I. the significance of storing backup

With the rapid development of information technology, people are more and more dependent on the computer information system. How to effectively manage the digital information in the computer system has become an issue of great concern to all units.

The data managed in the information system of some units has a large amount of data, a wide range of sources, many kinds, complex structure and wide application. Many of the data are accumulated by several generations, and some data collection even paid the price of blood, so the data is a very valuable wealth.

When informatization brings people fast service and convenient management, it also brings people the risk of losing digital information. The loss of data will not only disrupt the normal operation of the enterprise, but also cause huge economic losses to the enterprise. The loss and destruction of digital information is tantamount to losing the past, losing the present, and even ruining the future. The main causes of data loss can be divided into two categories, one is the failure of hardware equipment for storing data, and the other is human factors, such as computer crime, computer virus, software error and human misoperation. Among them, human misoperation is the most common phenomenon.

Every computer user will have the experience that if you hit the wrong key in the course of operation, hours or even days of work may come to nothing. The misoperation of some system administrators under the Unix system root account may destroy the data in the whole system, resulting in catastrophic consequences. According to statistics, more than 80% of data loss is caused by people's misoperations. Unfortunately, such misoperations can never be avoided for human beings. In the network environment, in addition to human error operation, there are a variety of virus infections, system failures, line failures and so on, so that the security of digital information can not be guaranteed. Therefore, data storage and backup has become an important measure to ensure data security.

II. The status of storage and backup in information systems

Storage backup (also known as data backup) is the basis of disaster recovery, and all disaster recovery systems are based on data backup. The ultimate goal of establishing a disaster recovery system is not backup, but rapid data recovery.

Storage backup is divided into two categories, one is offline backup (Offline), such as LAN-free, Server-free, that is, backup the data from the storage server to the tape library. With this backup method, data recovery time is longer than online mode, but its investment is smaller, as long as there are storage backup devices and storage backup software; the other is online backup (on-line), such as data replication. Data replication is actually a kind of synchronous data backup, and its data recovery time is very short, ranging from a few seconds to a few minutes. Data replication is an advanced synchronization process, which can save the whole data so that it is not lost at all. In today's majority of users, the vast majority of users can use data offline backup. Only critical business users whose business requires continuity (such as banking, telecommunications, etc.) will use online backup.

Storage and backup systems generally use tape library devices and storage backup software, which is an important backup support in the whole disaster recovery system. When the data is destroyed, the task of the storage and backup system is to minimize the disaster caused by data loss, and recover all the lost and destroyed data in the shortest time, so that the system can run normally.

III. Structure selection of storage and backup technology

At present, there are three common ways to store data:

1.DAS (Direct-Attached Storage) is the direct connection storage technology, which is the traditional storage mode with the host as the center, which is often seen in the central business systems of major banks.

2.NAS (Network Attached Storage) is the network attached storage mode, which centers on professional network file storage and file backup, and is now a storage mode based on file storage.

3.SAN (Stroage Area Network), or storage area network, refers to a high-speed network with almost unlimited storage capacity independent of heterogeneous computing network systems. It uses high-speed fibre Channel as the transmission medium, 1) XFCP+SCSI protocol as the storage access protocol, which makes the storage subsystem networked, open, virtualized and intelligent, and realizes real high-speed, secure and shared storage, which is the mainstream storage mode in the future.

In the structure of SAN, in order to protect investment, the structure of OpenSAN is the first, and the storage area network set up in the Ministry of Land and Resources is the OpenSAN structure.

The concept of Open SAN is that no matter what kind of host system the host platform uses, whether it is IBM server, SUN server, HP server, COMAPQ server or other server, if the architecture of SAN can accept these host systems, SAN architecture can provide seamless connection to the products of any manufacturer, so that the architecture of SAN is Open (open) (see figure 1).

IV. Shortcomings of existing storage and backup methods

At present, the computer systems used by most users generally only use tape drives for cold backup of data, which is an economical and concise backup method when the amount of data is small, the type of operating system is single, and the number of servers is limited. However, with the continuous expansion of user business, the amount of data is growing exponentially, more and more services will be distributed on different servers, and different servers may use different operating system platforms. At this time, that kind of stand-alone manual cold backup mode can not meet the requirements of today's data storage and backup, and it has a variety of disadvantages:

Data storage management is difficult to institutionalize, and data loss is difficult to avoid.

The data is distributed on different servers, the applications are different, the management is decentralized, and the security is not guaranteed.

It is difficult to realize efficient online backup of database data.

The maintenance staff is unable to leave, and the work efficiency is reduced.

Nowadays, more and more media are used to store data, and the floppy disks, magnetic tapes and optical discs produced by storage under different systems will bring great difficulties to the management of storage media.

It is difficult to retain historical data.

If there are hidden dangers from non-computer system factors, such as fire, earthquake and other disasters, the reconstruction of the information system and data recovery is very difficult.

Storage backup work has different requirements, physical failure will cause the system can not run, easy to find. After the failure, it is required to restore the original business system quickly; while the logical fault is not easy to find, but as long as there is original data, it can also be restored, which requires a long-term backup of historical data. Therefore, having a good backup system and backup plan can reduce the loss of the disaster to a minimum.

Advanced storage and backup management system

The advanced data storage and backup management system used now refers to the centralized management of data on the storage LAN through professional data storage and backup management software, using storage servers, optical fiber switches and storage backup devices under the Open SAN structure environment, so as to realize the automation of backup, file archiving, data hierarchical storage and disaster recovery. In order to realize automatic data storage management in the whole Open SAN storage LAN system, the organic combination of backup server, storage backup management software and intelligent storage device is the basis of advanced storage backup management.

On the storage local area network, the working principle of the data storage backup management system is to select an application server in the open storage local area network as the main server for data storage backup management, and install the data storage management server-side software on it as the backup server on the whole storage local area network. The backup server is connected to a fiber switch on the storage area network. At the same time, the required mass storage server (disk array) devices and storage devices (tape libraries) should be configured, which should be connected to the fiber switch of the storage LAN. On other servers that need data backup management in the storage area network, the backup client software should be installed to manage the centralized backup of the data to the storage devices that can be managed by the backup server through the storage area network.

The core software of managing data storage backup system is storage backup management software. Through the function setting of the storage backup management software, a perfect storage backup and data recovery plan strategy can be established, and all server backups can be managed according to the user's design. Storage and backup software can also provide perfect disaster recovery means, which can give full play to the excellent characteristics of backup equipment hardware, greatly shorten the backup and disaster recovery time, and realize the automatic and intelligent management of data backup. At present, the main software products that can complete data backup management in the field of data storage are IBM Tivoli TSM, Legato NetWorker, Veritas NetBackup, CA ARCserver and so on. Figure 2 shows a typical storage backup system on Open SAN architecture.

The goal of storing backup systems on the Open SAN architecture should be omni-directional and multi-tiered. First of all, hardware backup should be used to prevent hardware failure; if the logical damage of data is caused by software failure or human misoperation, the combination of storage backup system and hardware fault tolerance is used. This combination constitutes a multi-level protection of the system, which can not only effectively prevent physical damage, but also completely prevent logical damage.

An indispensable link in the construction of system security is the routine backup and historical preservation of data. Considering the safety of the local production environment, conventional data backup generally requires that one copy of the data should have at least two copies, one should be placed in the production center to ensure the normal recovery of the data and the recovery of data query, and the other should be moved to different places for preservation, in order to ensure minimum data recovery after local disasters such as earthquake or fire. In addition, the remote storage system of historical archived data should be established to ensure the reliable recovery of historical business data and the realization of effective audit.

To sum up, an ideal backup system should have the following functions:

Centralized management

The storage backup management system centrally manages the data of the whole storage area network. With the help of centralized management tools, the system administrator can manage the backup policy of the storage area network uniformly, and the backup server can monitor the backup jobs of all machines, modify the backup policy, and browse all directories in real time. All data can be backed up to any tape library connected to the backup server or application server.

Fully automatic backup

According to the actual needs of users, the backup system can define the data that needs to be backed up, and then set the backup schedule in a graphical way. The backup system will automatically start the backup job without human intervention. This automatic backup job is customizable, including a backup job, a certain day of the week, the day of the month, and so on. Once the schedule is set, the backup job will proceed automatically as planned.

Database backup and recovery

In the minds of many people, databases and files are still a concept. Of course, if your database system is based on the file system, of course you can back up the database by backing up files. However, up to now, the database system has been very complex and huge, and then using the file backup method to back up the database is no longer applicable. Whether the required data can be extracted from the huge database files for backup is one of the signs of whether the backup system is advanced or not.

Online indexing

The backup system should establish an online index in the server for the daily backup. When users need to restore, they only need to click on the files or data that need to be restored in the online index, and the system will automatically restore the files.

Filing management

Users can archive all data effectively by project and time on a regular basis. Provide a unified Open Tape Format data storage format, so as to ensure that all application data are permanently saved by a unified data format, and ensure the permanent availability of the data.

Effective media management

The backup system automatically adds an electronic label to each tape used for backup, and provides the function of identifying the label in the software. If the label on the outside of the tape falls off, you only need to perform this function, and you will quickly know the contents of the tape.

SPM hierarchical storage management

The so-called hierarchical storage management system is a set of automated storage management equipment, which automatically determines the frequency of the data in the hard disk, automatically moves the less commonly used data to the slower optical disc, and the least commonly used data to the magnetic tape. After a period of time, the online data can be optimized. For remote sensing, GIS, global positioning system and other applications that are easy to generate a large number of data, most of the data belong to graphics and images that take up a lot of space. Based on management and cost considerations, SPM (Storage Space Management, hierarchical storage management) system is a suitable online backup solution. It uses hard disk, rewritable magneto-optical disc and magnetic tape for three-layer storage management.

System disaster recovery

The ultimate goal of network backup is to ensure the operation of the network system, so an excellent network backup scheme should be able to back up the key data of the system. When the equipment on the network fails, or human misoperation, or the application software is damaged, the original data to be called by each application software in the server can be quickly recovered. From failure detection to full recovery of the system, the ideal backup scheme should not take more than half a working day.

Meet the increasing needs of the system

Backup software must be able to support multi-platform systems, and when other application servers are connected to the storage area network, for network storage management systems, you only need to install client software that supports such servers to back up data to the tape library.

Backup strategy and disaster recovery mode of storage backup system: backup strategy: data backup has many ways, such as full backup, incremental backup, differential backup, on-demand backup and so on. Full backup is to back up all the data in the system; incremental backup is to back up only the data that has changed since the last backup; differential backup is to back up only the data that has changed since the last full backup; on-demand backup is to back up data selectively according to temporary needs.

Full backup takes the longest time, but the recovery time is the shortest and the operation is the most convenient. When the amount of data in the system is small, full backup is the most reliable. However, with the continuous increase of the amount of data, full backup can not be done every day. Full backup can only be carried out on weekends, and other times use incremental backups that take less time or differential backups between the two. The amount of data in different backups varies: full backup > differential backup > incremental backup. When backing up, you should use them flexibly according to their characteristics.

The setting of the basic policy of data storage should be set according to your own actual situation, and the general way described below is as follows:

The full backup of the database is generally carried out automatically on Friday (or Saturday); the incremental backup of the database is generally performed by Unix or other host systems before and after batching every night, and the batch processing is triggered by people or automatically by the system; full backup of files is generally used for data backup of host systems and other servers, which is selected to be carried out automatically on Sundays. File incremental backup generally backs up the increment of files from Monday to Thursday (or Friday); system full backup generally backs up the full volume of the system and database on Sunday at the beginning of the month; system incremental backup generally backs up only the increments of the system and database configuration the rest of the time.

Data recovery operations can usually be divided into three categories. The first category is full recovery, and the second category is individual file recovery and redirected recovery. Full recovery is generally used in the server unexpected disaster resulting in all data loss, system crash or planned system upgrade, system reorganization, also known as system recovery. Individual file recovery is much more common than full recovery. Using the recovery function of the network backup system, we can easily recover damaged individual files. Just browse the backup database or directory, find the file, trigger the recovery function, and the software will automatically drive the storage device, load the appropriate storage media, and then restore the specified file. A redirected restore is to restore the backed up files to a different location or system, rather than the location where the backup operation was performed. A redirected restore can be an entire system recovery or an individual file recovery. Redirect recovery requires careful consideration to ensure the availability of the system or file after recovery.

6. Store backup software Tivoli TSM

Tivoli Storage Manager is a powerful and comprehensive storage management software, which can deal with the complex problems caused by storage management in distributed environment. It can protect and manage all data from user terminals to enterprise servers. Supports more than 39 different operating systems, all with a convenient graphical user interface. Tivoli Storage Manager storage management software is fully compatible with hundreds of storage devices, supports local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and storage local area network (SAN), and can also customize backup solutions for major groupware, enterprise resource planning (ERP) applications and database products.

The characteristics of Tivoli storage management software are:

The full incremental backup strategy only backs up new documents and modified files, saving time and disk space. This full incremental backup strategy uses the unique relational database within Tivoli Storage Manager to track data, no matter where it is stored, and uses an one-step method to back up and restore data. This approach avoids the shortcomings of the full-differential recovery process necessary in other storage management software products.

Tape resource sharing allows multiple Tivoli storage management servers to use the same tape library and drive, which improves the utilization of tape hardware devices.

No-network fast recovery supports fast client-side data recovery using tape or optical drive. The recovery time is reduced by not using the network and central service resources.

Data transmission without local area network (LAN-free) can give full play to the high efficiency of storage LAN and change data backup transmission from ordinary communication network to dedicated data network or storage local area network (SAN), thus reducing the bandwidth occupied by backup to enterprise IP communication.

Dynamic multithread transmission allows multiple clients to read and write data on the same Tivoli storage management server at the same time. This new feature makes the backup performance three times higher than the original single-threaded channel. The reason why we can get such a high speed is that the data transmission process of Tivoli storage management software is optimized on the limited system resources.

The flexible differential transmission technology lies in that the mode of data transmission can be changed in the process of data transmission within the enterprise. According to the size of the data and the characteristics of the network, the data can be transmitted at the byte level at the block level or at the file level. This new patented technology supports various connectivity modes, such as local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), storage local area network (SAN), dial-up Internet and so on. Flexible differential transmission technology is mainly designed for mobile computer users and those users who need to compress data transmission over the network.

Enterprise management is for the implementation of multiple Tivoli StorageManager, can achieve simplified central control without sacrificing the performance of the network. This enables local attached storage devices to achieve high-speed backup performance by using the least network resources.

Tivoli storage backup management software can be integrated with several other optional attachments to form a powerful integrated storage management solution. The attachment includes Tivoli disaster recovery management module, Tivoli space management module, Tivoli decision support module for storage management analysis, and Tivoli data online protection module for database, application software and groupware.

The Tivoli Storage Manager server runs on the following platforms: Microsoft Windows NT 4, Windows 2000, IBM AS/400;IBM AIX, Sun Solaris;IBM OS/390, IBM VM/ESA.

Nearly 30 client environments are supported, such as Microsoft Windows2000, Microsoft Windows 95, Microsoft Windows98, Microsoft Windows NT, Digital Tru64 UNIX (formerly Digital UNIX), Microsoft Windows NT DECAlpha, Linux (r), Apple Macintosh, OS/390 UNIXSystem Service, HP-UX, IBM AIX, IBM AS/400 and so on.

The above is all the contents of the article "what is the storage backup technology in the server?" Thank you for reading! I believe we all have a certain understanding, hope to share the content to help you, if you want to learn more knowledge, welcome to follow the industry information channel!

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