Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

NFS only allows Unix/linux to share data, and CIFS only allows Win to communicate.

SAMBA:

Cross-platform file sharing service

Mainly used in local area network

Common applications of SAMBA: file sharing and printer services can provide authentication when users log in to SAMBA hosts To provide individual data of users with different identities, hostname resolution (NetBIOS Name) on the Windows network can be performed, and devices can be shared (e.g., Zip, CD-ROM) SAMBA is an architecture based on NetBIOS, a communication protocol developed by NetBIOS developed by IBM: Windows is based on the mechanism by which hosts communicate with each other. 15-character NetBIOS can not cross-route communication through NetBIOS over TCP/IP can use the function provided by SAMBA server NetBIOS Name because NetBIOS is mainly defined in the local area network, it does not use transport protocols such as TCP/IP, so it does not need the setting of IP. The communication between the two hosts uses NetBIOS Name in the NetBIOS protocol, and each host uses different NetBIOS file data to communicate between different NetBIOS Name. SAMBA's main services: nmbd: manage workgroup, NetBIOS Name, etc. Parsing, use UDP 137138 port to provide clients with NetBios name service constructed on top of IP NetBios name server smbd: manage SAMBA host shared directory, provide file sharing and printing service server process. Use TCP 139and 445ports. Provide file space and printing services to customers using smb or cifs protocols. SAMBA's common LAN connection mode: Peer/Peer peer-to-peer mode (Workgroup model, peer-to-peer mode) each computer can operate independently without being affected by others. It is suitable for small networks, or a network environment that does not often require file data sharing, or every user has ownership of the computer. Domain model (master mode) places the accounts and passwords of all computers on a master computer (PDC). Anyone using any computer needs to be identified by the PDC server before giving appropriate permissions. Software required by SAMBA: samba:samba server program samba-client:samba Linux client samba-common: data used by both server and client

The SAMBA user account must exist in the Linux system (/ etc/passwd), but the password of SAMBA is not the same as that of linux

Samba users:

Account number: all system users, / etc/passwd

Password: samba service has its own password file

The command to add the system user as samba: pdbedit pdbedit-u: specify the user name-a: add a usable SAMBA account The account needs to exist in / etc/passwd-r: modify the relevant information of an account-x: delete a SAMBA account-L: list the current accounts in the database and UID and other related information-v: use with-L to list more detailed information to modify the SAMBA account secret Configuration file of code smbpasswd:SAMBA: / etc/samba/smb.conf # samba main configuration file / etc/sysconfig/samba # provides startup smbd When nmbd Also want to add the relevant parameters. / var/lib/samba/private/ {passdb.tdb,secrets.tdb} when managing the user account / password of samba, the database file / usr/share/doc/samba-:samba technical manual / usr/bin/ {smbd,nmbd} # samba server service program / usr/bin/ {tdbdump,tdbtool} # samba3.0 later version, the user's account password parameters have been managed by database The database used by samba is TDB. Tdbdump can view the contents of the database, and tdbtool can enter the database to manually modify the account and password parameters. (need to install tdb-tools) / usr/bin/smbstatus # lists the current connection status of samba, including PID, shared resources, user sources, etc. / usr/bin/pdbedit # manage samba user data / usr/bin/testparm # check syntax errors in the main configuration file smb.conf / usr/bin/smbclient # View directories and devices shared by other computers Or on your own samba host, check whether samba is set successfully / usr/bin/nmblookup # find out NetBios Name / usr/bin/smbtree # find the tree directory distribution map of workgroup and computer names, SAMBA's main configuration file (# vs. All are comment files) / configuration of etc/samba/smb.conf host information: [global] workgroup = name of MYGROUP # workgroup, shared file client server workgroup wants the same netbios name = MYSERVER # host NetBIOS Name name Each host is different server string = Samba Server Version% v # simple description of the host display charset=xx own server display encoding unix charset=xx used on the Linux server encoding dos charset=xx Windows client host allow=IP access settings Hosts that specify IP can access the SAMBA service. For more information on language settings, please see: http://phorum.vbird.org/viewtopic.php?t=22001 log file=xx log file storage file max log size=xx log file maximum size security=xxx share,user Domain choose one share: no password is required for shared data Everyone can use (poor security) user: use the password database of the samba server itself domain: use the password of the external server, which is what the client means when samba Requires the setting value of password server=IP whether the encrypt passwords=YES password is encrypted passdb backend= database format shared information configuration: [share name] path=xxx actual shared directory comment: description of the shared directory guest ok=yes allows missing Default guest user right to access (default permission is the right set by guest account The default setting is nobody (specified at compile time) browseable: whether to let all users see this directory writable: whether the write list=@ group can write to the specific user group that can enter this resource, the permissions related to the create mode=xx creation file, the permission to create the directory read only = Yes read-only check that the configuration file syntax is correct: testparm command-v: check for complete parameter settings The smbclient command is displayed along with the default value: view directories and devices shared by other computers Or on your own samba host, check whether the samba is set successfully smbclient-L [/ / host or IP] [- U user account]-L: only query the shared resource directory provided by the later connected host-U: try to access the available resources of the host with the specified account based on mount access: mount-t cifs / / SERVER/shared_name / mount_point-o username=USERNAME,password=PASSWORD

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