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Editor to share with you what are the waiting methods for the core technology of python automated testing selenium. I hope you will get something after reading this article. Let's discuss it together.

In the process of UI automated testing, there may be some situations, such as unstable test environment, slow network and so on. If we do not do any processing, there will be errors that cannot be located to specific elements, resulting in the automatic testing can not be executed smoothly.

Selenium official website manual: Waits | Selenium

In slenium automated testing, there are three main waiting methods:

1 use the sleep mode of python's own module time

Disadvantages: even if the network conditions are good, still wait for a predetermined fixed time, generally not recommended, script debugging can be used.

Sample script:

From selenium import webdriverfrom time import sleepclass TestWait (object): driver = webdriver.Chrome () driver.get (http://www.baidu.com) def test_sleep (self): self.driver.find_element_by_id ("kw"). Send_keys ("sleep test") # sleep (2) # waiting for fixed time self.driver.implicitly_wait (2) # implicit waiting for self .driver.find _ element_by_id ("su") .click () self.driver.quit () if _ _ name__ = ='_ _ main__': wait=TestWait () wait.test_sleep () 2 implicit wait (implicitly_wait)

The implicit waiting time for the setting is the longest, and if the page loads within the specified time, perform the next step, otherwise wait until the time is over, and then perform the next step.

Note: implicit waiting works for the entire cycle of driver, which is usually set at the beginning. Don't wait as a fixed wait, set implicit wait everywhere.

Sample script:

From selenium import webdriverfrom time import sleep class TestWait (object): driver = webdriver.Chrome () driver.get (http://www.baidu.com) def test_sleep (self): self.driver.find_element_by_id ("kw"). Send_keys ("sleep test") self.driver.implicitly_wait (2) # implicit waiting for self.driver.find_element_by_id ("su"). Click () self.driver.quit () if _ _ name__ = ='_ _ main__': wait=TestWait () wait.test_sleep () 3 shows waiting (WebDriverWait)

Explicit waiting allows wait conditions to occur, so it is ideal for synchronizing state between browsers and their DOM and WebDriver scripts.

Package needs to be introduced: from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait

WebDriverWait parameter description:

WebDriverWait (driver, timeout=3) .subscription (some_condition)

Two methods: until and util_not

Scene:

Open the Baidu home page, waiting for the page title to appear: Baidu, you will know, and then execute the input search keywords, click the "Baidu once" button.

Sample script:

From selenium import webdriverfrom selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWaitfrom selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as ecclass TestWait (object): def setup (self): self.driver = webdriver.Chrome () self.driver.get (http://www.baidu.com) def test_webdreiverwait (self): webdreiverwaits = WebDriverWait (self.driver,2) webdreiverwaits.until (ec.title_is) You will know ") self.driver.find_element_by_id (" kw "). Send_keys (" test_webdreiverwait test ") self.driver.find_element_by_id (" su "). Click () def teardown (self): self.driver.quit () if _ _ name__ = ='_ main__': wait=TestWait () wait.test_webdreiverwait ()

Three wait for complete sample scripts:

From selenium import webdriverfrom time import sleepfrom selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWaitfrom selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as ecclass TestWait (object): def setup (self): self.driver = webdriver.Chrome () self.driver.get ("http://www.baidu.com") def test_sleep (self): self.driver.find_element_by_id (" kw "). Send_keys (" sleep test ") sleep (2) # waiting for a fixed time self.driver.find_element_by_id ("su"). Click () def test_implicitly (self): self.driver.find_element_by_id ("kw"). Send_keys ("implicitly test") self.driver.implicitly_wait (2) # implicit waiting for self.driver.find_element_by_id ("su") .click () def Test_webdreiverwait (self): webdreiverwaits = WebDriverWait (self.driver 2) webdreiverwaits.until (ec.title_is) You know ") self.driver.find_element_by_id (" kw "). Send_keys (" test_webdreiverwait test ") self.driver.find_element_by_id (" su "). Click () def teardown (self): self.driver.quit () if _ _ name__ = ='_ main__': wait=TestWait () # wait.test_sleep () # wait.test_implicitly () wait.test_webdreiverwait ()

[FAQ]: run the footer empty suite:

From selenium import webdriverfrom time import sleepclass TestWait (object): def _ init__ (self): self.driver = webdriver.Chrome () self.driver.get ('http://www.baidu.com') def test_sleep (self): self.driver.find_element_by_id ("kw"). Send_keys ("sleep test") # sleep (2) # wait for a fixed time Self.driver.implicitly_wait (2) # implicitly waiting for self.driver.find_element_by_id ("su") .click () self.driver.quit () if _ _ name__ = ='_ main__': wait=TestWait () wait.test_sleep ()

[solution]: script modification

From selenium import webdriverfrom time import sleepfrom selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as ECfrom selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait class TestCase (object): def setup (self): self.driver = webdriver.Chrome () self.driver.get ('http://www.baidu.com') # sleep (2) def test_sleep (self): self.driver.find_element_by_id (' kw'). Send_keys ( 'selenium') # sleep (2) # thread blocking blocking wait self.driver.find_element_by_id (' su'). Click () # sleep (3) def test_implicitly (self): self.driver.implicitly_wait (10) self.driver.find_element_by_id ('kw'). Send_keys (' selenium') # sleep (2) # Thread blocking blocking wait self.driver.find_element_by_id ('su'). Click () # sleep (3) def test_wait (self): wait = WebDriverWait (self.driver) 2) wait.until (EC.title_is) You know') self.driver.find_element_by_id ('kw'). Send_keys (' selenium') # sleep (2) # Thread blocking blocking wait self.driver.find_element_by_id ('su'). Click () # sleep (3) def teardown (self): self.driver.quit () if _ _ name__ = =' _ _ main__': Case = TestCase () # case.test_sleep () # case.test_implicitly () case.test_wait () finished reading this article I believe you have a certain understanding of "what is the way to wait for the core technology of python automated testing selenium". If you want to know more about it, you are welcome to follow the industry information channel. Thank you for reading!

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