Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

# Grains module: #

Application scenarios of grains:

1. Information query

2. Match minion in remote execution

For example, I want to execute a command on all centos machines.

3. Match minion in top.sls

4. use it in the template of the configuration file

1. Information query

# list all the key of grains and all the modules supported by grains

[root@salt_master ~] # salt 'minion.saltstack.com' grains.ls

Minion.saltstack.com:

-SSDs

-cpu_flags

-cpu_model

-cpuarch

-domain

-fqdn

-fqdn_ip4

-fqdn_ip6

-gpus

-host

-hwaddr_interfaces

-id

-init

-ip4_interfaces

-ip6_interfaces

-ip_interfaces

-ipv4

-ipv6

-kernel

-kernelrelease

-locale_info

-localhost

-lsb_distrib_codename

-lsb_distrib_id

-lsb_distrib_release

-master

-mdadm

-mem_total

-nodename

-num_cpus

-num_gpus

-os

-os_family

-osarch

-oscodename

-osfinger

-osfullname

-osmajorrelease

-osrelease

-osrelease_info

-path

-ps

-pythonexecutable

-pythonpath

-pythonversion

-saltpath

-saltversion

-saltversioninfo

-selinux

-server_id

-shell

-virtual

-zmqversion

# # display the contents of all grains

[root@salt_master ~] # salt 'minion.saltstack.com' grains.items

Minion.saltstack.com:

-

SSDs:

Cpu_flags:

-fpu

-vme

-de

-pse

-tsc

-msr

-pae

-mce

-cx8

-apic

-sep

-mtrr

-pge

-mca

-cmov

-pat

-pse36

-clflush

-dts

-mmx

-fxsr

-sse

-sse2

-ss

-syscall

-nx

-pdpe1gb

-rdtscp

-lm

-constant_tsc

-up

-arch_perfmon

-pebs

-bts

-xtopology

-tsc_reliable

-nonstop_tsc

-aperfmperf

-unfair_spinlock

-pni

-pclmulqdq

-ssse3

-fma

-cx16

-pcid

-sse4_1

-sse4_2

-x2apic

-movbe

-popcnt

-tsc_deadline_timer

-aes

-xsave

-avx

-f16c

-rdrand

-hypervisor

-lahf_lm

-abm

-ida

-arat

-epb

-xsaveopt

-pln

-pts

-dts

-fsgsbase

-bmi1

-avx2

-smep

-bmi2

-invpcid

Cpu_model:

Intel (R) Core (TM) i5-4460 CPU @ 3.20GHz

Cpuarch:

X86_64

Domain:

Saltstack.com

Fqdn:

Minion.saltstack.com

Fqdn_ip4:

-10.20.23.124

Fqdn_ip6:

Gpus:

| | _

-

Model:

SVGA II Adapter

Vendor:

Unknown

Host:

Minion

Hwaddr_interfaces:

-

Eth2:

00:0c:29:6e:29:0d

Lo:

00:00:00:00:00:00

Id:

Minion.saltstack.com

Init:

Upstart

Ip4_interfaces:

-

Eth2:

-10.20.23.124

Lo:

-127.0.0.1

Ip6_interfaces:

-

Eth2:

-fe80::20c:29ff:fe6e:290d

Lo:

-: 1

Ip_interfaces:

-

Eth2:

-10.20.23.124

-fe80::20c:29ff:fe6e:290d

Lo:

-127.0.0.1

-: 1

Ipv4:

-10.20.23.124

-127.0.0.1

Ipv6:

-: 1

-fe80::20c:29ff:fe6e:290d

Kernel:

Linux

Kernelrelease:

2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64

Locale_info:

-

Defaultencoding:

UTF8

Defaultlanguage:

Zh_CN

Detectedencoding:

UTF-8

Localhost:

Salt_minion

Lsb_distrib_codename:

Final

Lsb_distrib_id:

CentOS

Lsb_distrib_release:

6.5

Master:

Salt_master

Mdadm:

Mem_total:

four hundred and seventy four

Nodename:

Salt_minion

Num_cpus:

one

Num_gpus:

one

Os:

CentOS

Os_family:

RedHat

Osarch:

X86_64

Oscodename:

Final

Osfinger:

CentOS-6

Osfullname:

CentOS

Osmajorrelease:

six

Osrelease:

6.5

Osrelease_info:

-6

-5

Path:

/ sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin

Ps:

Ps-efH

Pythonexecutable:

/ usr/bin/python2.6

Pythonpath:

-/ usr/bin

-/ usr/lib64/python26.zip

-/ usr/lib64/python2.6

-/ usr/lib64/python2.6/plat-linux2

-/ usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-tk

-/ usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-old

-/ usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-dynload

-/ usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages

-/ usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages

Pythonversion:

-2

-6

-6

-final

-0

Saltpath:

/ usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/salt

Saltversion:

2015.5.10

Saltversioninfo:

-2015

-5

-10

-0

Selinux:

-

Enabled:

True

Enforced:

Permissive

Server_id:

748666745

Shell:

/ bin/bash

Virtual:

VMware

Zmqversion:

3.2.5

# if you want to view an item, change items to singular item, and add the name of an item at the end:

[root@salt_master ~] # salt 'minion.saltstack.com' grains.item os

Minion.saltstack.com:

-

Os:

CentOS

# get parameter: only the content of the value is displayed relative to the items,get

[root@salt_master ~] # salt 'minion.saltstack.com' grains.get os

Minion.saltstack.com:

CentOS

2. Match minion in remote execution

For example, I want to execute a command on all centos machines.

[root@salt_master ~] # salt-- help | grep grain

-G,-- grain Instead of using shell globs to evaluate the target

Use a grain value to identify targets, the syntax for

The target is the grain key followed by a

-- grain-pcre Instead of using shell globs to evaluate the target

Use a grain value to identify targets, the syntax for

The target is the grain key followed by a pcre regular

[root@salt_master ~] # salt-G 'os:CentOS' test.ping # #-G means to use grains for matching, and the parameter must follow salt.

Minion.saltstack.com:

True

Minion1.saltstack.com:

True

[root@salt_master] # salt-G 'fqdn:minion.saltstack.com' test.ping

Minion.saltstack.com:

True

[root@salt_master ~] # salt 'minion.saltstack.com' grains.get fqdn # # check the fqdn of minion.saltstack.com to locate

Minion.saltstack.com:

Minion.saltstack.com

So through the grains plug-in can be achieved in any condition of the robot to execute the same command, can be matched through grains.

If the built-in grains does not meet our needs, we can also customize the grains, and customize the grains by modifying the configuration file on the minion side

# minion #

[root@salt_minion ~] # vim / etc/salt/minion # cut to the end of the file

Grains:

Roles: nginx

Env: prod

[root@salt_minion ~] # / etc/init.d/salt-minion restart

Stopping salt-minion daemon: [OK]

Starting salt-minion daemon: [OK]

[root@salt_master] # salt-G 'env:prod' test.ping

Minion.saltstack.com:

True # successful match

[root@salt_master] # salt-G 'roles:nginx' test.ping

Minion.saltstack.com:

True

If you find it inconvenient to write grains in the minion configuration file, you can also write it in the / etc/salt/grains file.

The premise is that it cannot conflict with the configuration file.

# difference: adding to the configuration file / etc/salt/minion must be specified as grains,. The second method is to create a file named grains under / etc/salt/. Instead of specifying grains, just write #

[root@salt_minion ~] # vim / etc/salt/grains

Cloud: openstack

[root@salt_minion ~] # / etc/init.d/salt-minion restart # must be restarted after being added

Stopping salt-minion daemon: [OK]

Starting salt-minion daemon: [OK]

[root@salt_minion ~] # cat / etc/salt/grains

Cloud: openstack

[root@salt_minion ~] # tail / etc/salt/minion

#

Mysql.host: '10.20.23.209'

Mysql.user: 'salt'

Mysql.pass: 'salt'

Mysql.db: 'salt'

Mysql.port: 3306

Grains:

Role: nginx

Env: prod

# match:

[root@salt_master] # salt-G 'cloud:openstack' test.ping

Minion.saltstack.com:

True

# using salt'* 'saltutil.sync_grains to refresh grains, there is no need to restart the minion. Test: #

[root@salt_minion ~] # vim / etc/salt/grains

Cloud: openstack

Test: salt # add this line, save exit, and do not restart the minion side

# cut to master #

[root@salt_master ~] # salt'* 'saltutil.sync_grains

Minion.saltstack.com:

Minion1.saltstack.com:

[root@salt_master] # salt-G 'test:salt' test.ping

Minion.saltstack.com:

True

3. Match minion in top.sls

[root@salt_master ~] # vim / srv/salt/top.sls # # finally, add the following:

'role:nginx':

-match: grain

-init.pkg

[root@salt_master ~] # cat / srv/salt/top.sls

Base:

'(minion | minion1) .saltstack.com':

-match: pcre

-init.pkg

-init.limit

# 'role:nginx':

#-match: grain

#-init.pkg # comment out first, use the # sign, and know how to write it.

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