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This article mainly shows you the "sample analysis of the operation and configuration of Gunicorn", which is easy to understand and clear. I hope it can help you solve your doubts. Let the editor lead you to study and study the "sample analysis of the operation and configuration of Gunicorn".

Gunicorn "Green Unicorn" is a widely used high-performance Python WSGI UNIX HTTP server, transplanted from Ruby's Unicorn project, using pre-fork worker mode, with very easy to use, lightweight resource consumption, and high performance.

Install gunicorn:

$sudo apt-get update$ sudo apt-get install gunicorn

Run gunicorn:

$gunicorn [OPTIONS] module name: variable name

The module name is the python file name, which can be the full path + python file name; the variable name is the callable WSGI (Web Server Gateway) in the python file.

Example:

# filename:test.pydef app (environ, start_response): "Simplest possible application object" data = 'Hello, World!\ n'status =' 200 OK'response_headers = [('Content-type','text/plain'), (' Content-Length', str (len (data))] start_response (status, response_headers) return iter ([data]))

Run app:

$gunicorn-workers=2 test:app

Common configuration parameters:

-c CONFIG-- config=CONFIG

Specify a configuration file (py file).

-b BIND,-- bind=BIND

Binds to the specified socket.

-D,-- daemon

To run the Gunicorn process as a daemon is to put the service in the background to run.

W WORKERS,-workers=WORKERS

The number of work processes. As mentioned above, gunicorn is a pre-fork worker mode, which means that when gunicorn starts, a specified number of worker processes will be pre-fork in the main process. When processing requests, gunicorn relies on the operating system to provide load balancing. The recommended number of worker is (2 x $num_cores) + 1.

-k WORKERCLASS,-- worker-class=WORKERCLASS

The type of work process. Including sync (default), eventlet, gevent, or tornado, gthread, gaiohttp.

-- backlog INT

Maximum number of pending connections.

-- chdir

Switch to the specified working directory.

-- log-level LEVEL

The granularity of the output error log. Valid LEVEL are:

Debug

Info

Warning

Error

Critical

-- access-logfile FILE

Confirm that you want to write to the file FILE. Access log. '-' indicates output to standard output.

-error-logfile FILE,-log-file FILE

Confirm that you want to write to the file FILE. Error log. '-' indicates output to standard error output.

Gunicorn configuration

Gunicorn gets the configuration from three different places:

Framework settings (usually only affect Paster applications)

Configuration file (python file): the configuration in the configuration file overrides the settings of the framework.

Command Lin

The framework settings are only related to Paster (a Web framework) and are not discussed; the command line configuration is shown in the above section; now let's look at how to configure gunicorn with a configuration file:

The configuration file must be a python file, just write the parameters from the command line into the py file, and if you need to set any parameter, you can assign a value to it in the py file. For example:

# example.pybind = "127.0.0.1 8000" workers = 2

Run gunicorn:

$gunicorn-c example.py test:app

Equivalent to:

$gunicorn-w 2-b 127.0.0.1 purl 8000 test:app

Of course, configuration files can also implement more complex configurations:

# gunicorn.pyimport loggingimport logging.handlersfrom logging.handlers import WatchedFileHandlerimport osimport multiprocessingbind = '127.0.0.1 backlog 8000' # bind ip and port number backlog = 512 # listening queue chdir =' / home/test/server/bin' # gunicorn destination working directory timeout = 30 # timeout worker_class = 'gevent' # use gevent mode, and you can also use sync mode The default is sync mode workers = multiprocessing.cpu_count () * 2 + 1 # number of processes threads = 2 # specifies the number of threads turned on per process loglevel = 'info' # log level, which refers to the level of the error log The level of access log cannot be set access_log_format ='% (t) s% (p) s% (h) s "% (r) s"% (s) s% (L) s% (b) s% (f) s "% (a) s"'# set the format of gunicorn access log The error log cannot set "" the meaning of each option is as follows: h remote addressl'-'u currently'-' May be user name in future releasest date of the requestr status line (e.g. ``GET / HTTP/ 1.1``) s statusb response length or'-'f referera user agentT request time in secondsD request time in microsecondsL request time in decimal secondsp process ID "" accesslog = "/ home/test/server/log/gunicorn_access.log" # access log file errorlog = "/ home/test/server/log/gunicorn_error.log "# error log file above is all the content of the article" sample Analysis of Gunicorn Operation and configuration " Thank you for reading! I believe we all have a certain understanding, hope to share the content to help you, if you want to learn more knowledge, welcome to follow the industry information channel!

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