Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

Speaker: he Yifan

Good afternoon, leaders and guests.

First of all, I would like to thank the National Information Center for giving us the honor to participate in such a meaningful national project. In the past year or so, the technical teams of our six sponsors worked together, after arduous research and development, finally put blockchain Service Network (BSN) online today and entered the trial operation stage. Today, on behalf of the six technical teams, I will explain to you how the service network is formed and how it works.

Service network is an open infrastructure, we take the Internet as a reference in the overall design and construction process. Who does the Internet belong to? It has no ownership, and the Internet is jointly organized by multiple data centers and connected in series to form technical standards, which enables data transmission and operation to achieve a very low cost. This is one of the reasons why the Internet has flourished in the past 20 years. Our technology core is also based on the idea of cost reduction, which I will explain to you in detail below.

First of all, let me take a moment to explain to you the basic common sense of blockchain. Because now everyone's understanding of the blockchain is really confusing, from a technical point of view, the blockchain is divided into public chain and license chain. It is easy to confuse the two completely different technologies, public ownership chain and license chain. The underlying technical logic of these two "chains" is similar, but their working principles are 108000 miles different.

At present, all the public chain applications in the world are basically virtual coins, and we really have not found an application that is based on public chains, non-virtual coins and is widely used, so simply speaking, public chains can be equated with virtual coins. In China, virtual currency does not meet the regulatory requirements, so we will not consider the public ownership chain in the whole project, nor will it have anything to do with it.

The other is the license chain, which is the traditional alliance chain technology. Now all countries, whether governments or large companies, take blockchain as a strategic concept and invest tens of billions of dollars in alliance chain technology every year. Because the alliance chain technology is the infrastructure that truly embodies the shared account book, under this framework, it can serve industrial and enterprise applications, and at the same time can do a lot of optimization to the traditional information system.

What is the difference between the traditional information structure and the alliance chain structure? In general, if there is a business in a project that requires multiple data to interact with each other, the current technology is basically connected by the Internet or an internal private network, and the trajectory of the data is from one system to another, and the networks are connected in series. In this series relationship, all information systems are in series structure. There are many imperfections in this structure, for example: in a series relationship, any system in the middle is down, the whole series business is dead, and basically the whole business line is dead.

In addition, the cost of mutual docking is high, because the databases used in their respective systems are defined separately, the data and structure are different, each data system needs interface docking, and can not be used in other systems, so the development cost is very high.

At the same time, because the data transmission is in series, the business system 1 cannot directly send the data to the business system 4. Business system 4 also has no way to ensure that business system 2 and business system 3 do not have illegal operations, there are a large number of reconciliation requirements, reconciliation is a very expensive thing, especially in the financial system. How to optimize the traditional series relationship through alliance chain technology is simply to turn into parallel relationship. First of all, using the shared account book of alliance chain technology, the shared account book has a database with a unified format, and the data standards are consistent in all aspects. The shared account book of the blockchain is not allowed to delete and tamper with the history, you can change it, but the changes will be recorded and everyone can know if any technical changes are taken.

Compared with the parallel relationship of traditional information structure, block chain mainly has the following six advantages:

First, the reconciliation process is optimized, which actually reduces the reconciliation cost to zero. Why? Because the reason for reconciliation is to worry about any changes or tampering in the intermediate link, and the blockchain uses a unified ledger, everyone owns all the books at the same time, so there is no need for reconciliation at all, so the cost of reconciliation is basically reduced to zero. Don't underestimate the reconciliation. You know, if the cost of reconciliation in the world can be reduced to zero, this will be a market of tens or hundreds of billions of US dollars.

Second, reduce interface docking, anyone entering this chain technology docking standard is the same, that is, a database and a set of data structures, there is no problem of different interfaces.

Third, to ensure that the data is true, because there is no way to tamper with the data, there is no way to falsify the data.

Fourth, improve business fault tolerance. In the parallel relationship, even if three of the four business systems are down, the remaining one can still interact on the chain, and the business on the chain will not stop. When the other three are restored, the system will automatically synchronize and there will be no account errors, so the fault tolerance of parallel relationship is actually many times stronger than that of series relationship.

Fifth, speed up the acquisition of data, the series relationship business system 4 can only wait for the information transmission of business systems 2 and 3, but in the parallel relationship of the block chain, after any change, everyone can know that the efficiency of data acquisition has been greatly improved.

Finally, the intermediate link is omitted, because the business systems 2 and 3 may not be the resource side or the asset side, but actually only the intermediate business party, and there is an intermediary business in the process of taking the data from the business system 1 to the business system 4. There is no intermediate process on the block chain, and the business flow can save a lot of intermediate links. This is like the Internet, the emergence of the Internet has omitted a lot of traditional intermediary business.

The above six points are why blockchain technology can indeed change production relations and optimize business logic.

The fundamental purpose of all the design and construction of blockchain service network is to reduce costs, reduce the development, operation and maintenance, deployment, interoperability and supervision costs of license chain, alliance chain and private chain. In order for a technology to flourish, we must first control the cost. When the cost is very high, the technology can not be widely used. The most direct example, back to the Internet, in 1992 and 1993 in the United States, you can't build a website without $1 million. By the late 1990s, the cost of building a website had fallen to almost zero. This is why the Internet has flourished in the past 20 years and changed the whole human society. If it takes 50 to 1 million yuan to build a website in 2000, it may not be possible for Jack Ma and Ma Huateng to start a business, and they may have taken 20 to 300000 of their investment when they started their business, and they may not even be able to enter the threshold of this industry.

Now let's build a chain, which is a local area network. Just like when there was no Internet, everyone set up a local area network. If you want to send a letter between the two Lans, you have to pull a line in the middle. If you want to pull a cable, it will cost 10 million US dollars. Therefore, only when the cost can be minimized can a technology flourish. Blockchain service network continues to reduce costs from design, construction and operation. In the technical details, I will tell you what the costs of the service network are reduced.

In addition, it is emphasized that the service network is mainly based on the alliance chain architecture and serves industrial and enterprise applications, including government and various commercial applications.

Service network is an overall architecture, a very simple large architecture. The service network consists of four parts, and the core part is the public city node. What does this mean? In fact, when building an alliance chain, each application and each alliance chain is a completely separate environment, and each party involved has to establish a separate operating environment and buy servers or cloud resources. If a company participates in 10 alliance chain applications, in principle, it is necessary to buy cloud services 10 times, and 99% of the cloud service resources are actually idle. Finally, we are wasting resources in the context of high investment. As a result, this technology cannot be developed.

So, what is our philosophy? Just like building a waterworks, we don't need to dig wells by ourselves. We build a waterworks in the middle of the city and connect water pipes. This kind of social cost must be the lowest, the common people's draught must be the most convenient, and the water charges paid by ordinary people must be the lowest. Digging a well and carrying water every day will result in high operating costs and high construction costs. Therefore, the service network is a concept of public resources and public infrastructure.

What does the city node represent? It is everyone's accounting node in the block chain, and we have made it a public service. Developers do not need to set up accounting nodes themselves, but directly come in and publish the application. We allocate accounting resources according to the TPS of the application, so that developers can only purchase the resources they need.

People who know the technology know that the alliance chain is mainly divided into accounting nodes and sorting nodes. Strictly speaking, an alliance chain has a sorting node that is repeated investment and reuse. With the help of UnionPay, we have now set up an accounting cluster service as a unified service to serve all applications running on the entire service network. In this way, developers do not care about the consensus sorting mechanism, as long as the application is released, the service network will automatically allocate resources, and the application can run automatically.

The portal is an one-stop interface, including: how to use the service network, login, purchase resources, release applications, monitor the operation of the entire application, the use of authorized applications, the management of alliance chain, and the difference between private chain and so on. The service network has an operation and maintenance system, which is scattered in the current six sponsoring units.

At present, the whole network architecture adapts to HyperledgerFabric, but it will gradually adapt to various frameworks according to the plan. This kind of adaptation framework is actually a very complicated matter. We now plan to adapt to the state secret HyperledgerFabric before the Spring Festival, and next year we will work with UnionPay and China Mobile to study the adaptation of Ethernet Fang.

The public city node is a public block chain environment system deployed in each city, the whole block chain service network is mainly connected by the city node, and each block chain application can be deployed in the city node selected by N publishers. Our network has 1000 nodes, but it doesn't mean that all 1000 nodes have to release applications. Now that there are more than 60 nodes, the efficiency of data exchange is problematic. For many applications, using 3 nodes is enough, instead of actually using 1000 nodes.

The so-called accounting node is a database, and there must be its own business system outside. The business system interacts with the data of the whole block chain service network through the gateway on the public city node, which I will describe in detail later.

Various types of business systems are deployed on city nodes, including intelligent gateways, authority chains, multi-frameworks, unified maintenance (unified operation and maintenance of all city nodes in the background), basic capabilities (developers can directly access pass calls, SMS messages, payment interfaces, etc., without the need to develop their own separate development, it is convenient for developers to develop block chain applications) and load balancing.

If you are familiar with the technology, when we talk about all the applications on a cluster service network, you will certainly ask how to deal with the concurrent number. If one application is 10 TPS, and 20, 000 applications is 200000 TPS, what about the sorting nodes of 200000 TPS?

We now have three types of cluster architecture: one is a single centralized cluster used in the R & D and testing phase, which uses Kafka technology; when the number of urban nodes reaches 50 to 100 (now more than 50 are online), according to the number of urban nodes and applications, we will adopt parallel centralized clusters, with multiple Kafka in parallel to support different applications and different urban nodes. After commercial use, we will use distributed urban node clusters and use ROFT technology to deploy each sorted cluster to every city node, which is a very good architecture in terms of efficiency and public network resource utilization.

Now, we are doing detailed calculation and design with UnionPay, and it is expected that all of them will be transformed into distributed urban node clusters in March and April next year. Where there are urban nodes, there will be a small cluster. It is expected that the amount of TPS that the distributed urban node cluster will support is one million.

The portal (www.bsnbase.com) has been officially launched and internal testing has been started, and you can log in and register as developers. This site is a standard developer portal, and like other cloud services, developers can choose resources and set their own application permissions. At the same time, the official account of the blockchain service network will become a tool for developers by the end of October. In addition to releasing applications, developers can also directly use the rights such as application monitoring, resource allocation, permission approval of alliance chain, and payment after commercial use in the official account. This is also to reduce the cost of developers, so that when managing their own applications, they can operate on the mobile side without having to use a computer.

At the same time, we also provide technical support in the portal, and developers can download detailed help manuals containing learning examples in various languages. It is recommended that technicians who register and log in first download learning examples, run in their own environment, and then connect to the service network, which will basically be developed within three days.

The operation and maintenance system is the management background of the whole network, including: network operation monitoring, automatic deployment of applications (there are more applications in the future, it is impossible to deploy manually), network access management of urban nodes, billing and financial system, resource allocation system and basic capacity management. Because the service network is a large number of physically dispersed cloud resources and data centers, how to deploy resources, the operation of nodes, the reallocation of billing nodes and clusters, and the migration of data (especially the data migration of blockchain) all require the core functions of basic capability management.

Our technology is completely open, and we even hope that by 2020, all core systems will be open source, not only by six sponsors to operate and deploy, but also by all cloud resources and technology companies of the whole society. All resources are added to the same network, turning the service network into a global network really quickly, with multiple operating companies and multiple operating systems.

First of all, let's introduce the BSN gateway, that is, the intelligent gateway deployed on the city node. What is the core function of this gateway? It hides the complex block chain environment from the traditional business system. For traditional developers, there is no need to deal with a lot of block chain technical logic in practice.

We have processed the gateway, what is the role of the gateway itself?

The first is identity authentication, because every user, every application and every developer has an identity certificate on the network. When you connect to the gateway, we need to authenticate your identity certificate, which applications you can manage, what permissions you have, which city nodes you can connect to, and so on.

The second is authority authentication, when you connect to an application, you have different user roles in the application, and when your role cannot exceed a certain permission, that permission itself is also a judgment for you.

The third is the flow restriction of access. Our control of TPS and traffic is basically carried out on the gateway.

The fourth is application streaming. Some applications may use different frameworks, and some applications may use different resources. We divert applications according to your name or permission.

The fifth is security control, because the blockchain framework itself is a relatively secure mechanism, and we have done a series of technical and security controls on it.

The sixth is resource control. Hard disk, computing power and bandwidth control are all carried out on the gateway.

Finally, the key is managed, which refers to the hosting of the private key, which is also available in Huawei Cloud. In fact, hosting the private key has some security, but how to solve the problem of privacy? We are packaging the private key into SDK so that the private key and encryption mechanism can be localized. When connected to our gateway, all the data has been encrypted. If there are high requirements for security, we recommend using SDK directly.

The second is the permission chain, which we define at the system level, and the permission chain is deployed in all city nodes. What is the permission chain? In fact, it is the current concept of the alliance chain industry, called "chain management chain", we are standard chain management chain. For example, in a payment application, A users can only query but not pay fees, while B users can query and pay fees. Developers need to define the different permissions for data processing and publish them on the network. While we are writing about the permission chain, developers can assign permissions and roles to every function on their chain code when developing their own applications, whether federation chain or private chain. let developers have an extremely flexible user rights management level, which can be divided into 10 levels, 20 levels and 30 levels, which can be defined in your own business system. At the same time, alliance chain and private chain are also managed through permission chain, which means whether an application is managed by you or by more than one family. If you choose more than one family in charge, you will need more than one approval to update the application and join the user in the future, and the approval will also be placed in the portal. Or if you want to change your chain from a private chain to an alliance chain, it is also handled in the portal. This function is not online yet, and is expected to be online before New Year's Day.

The third is Peer load balancing, which is the core. I'll tell you why BSN can reduce the cost. I'll talk about the pricing idea of BSN later. In fact, the reason why the service network can bring the price down is that we have adjusted the current allocation of resources by HyperledgerFabric accounting nodes. We have not changed the efficiency of hardware devices, nor has we changed the law of energy conservation. Currently, when Aliyun deploys an application or an alliance chain, a six-core CPU corresponds to a virtual machine. Generally, a virtual machine is purchased for a node, a Peer node is deployed on a virtual machine, and a Peer node corresponds to only one federation chain application. The six-core CPU can support 1000TPS, with 1000 concurrent transactions per second, and 1000TPS represents nearly 100 million transactions a day. 99% of apps are not up to this level, but Aliyun sells 1000TPS to everyone. What are we actually doing? It optimizes the management and data processing of the underlying accounting Peer to a great extent. A six-core CPU corresponds to a virtual machine, and a virtual machine can manage multiple Peer nodes. At the same time, we deploy 40 applications to share one Peer node. This system still has 1000 TPS, but we can make each application only need 10 TPS, and each 10 TPS can be grained into different applications. This is actually our core technical design. In other words, what does it mean to spend that money when 99.9% of applications don't need so many resources at all? It means that no matter how much money is spent, 99% of the money is wasted. And we reduce the granularity so that when you need 10 TPS, you only buy 10 TPS. Because in a more optimized case, we can manage 40-60 applications per CPU, while Aliyun can only manage one, and our cost must be from 40 to 60 of it. We just tear down a thing to sell, Ali Yun can only sell a lot of things. This is the root cause of our cost reduction. You can buy 10 TPS, when the application amount gradually increases to 100 TPS, when you need to buy 100 TPS, you can buy it immediately and update it in a few hours. When you have more applications, we will assign you a separate Peer node, where you may only manage 6 100TPS applications and share them, but you still only pay for the resources you use, and you don't need to pay for the resources you don't use. This is our design of load balancing for Peer nodes. We hope that after the launch of BSN, Aliyun block chain service can be reduced from 120000 yuan to 10, 000 yuan within a year, which is of great benefit to the whole industry.

The fourth is the prefabricated chain code mechanism, this prefabricated chain code itself is a database, for many applications, the requirements for the database are "add, delete, change, check" four applications. With such a simple operation, you don't have to write the chain code yourself. You do not need to write the chain code program behind the blockchain gateway. We have prefabricated some chain codes for you. When you release the application, you can directly select our prefabricated chain code deployment, and your business system can operate directly through the API on the gateway. We provide the original prefabricated chain code, which can be put on the alliance chain by experienced developers for everyone to use. Therefore, the prefabricated chain code is also reducing the development cost of developers.

You can also do very complex chain codes for intelligent contract transactions, which you can share with other developers. As long as the business system connects to your chain code, all the business will be completed, which itself is the developer's source of income.

Intelligent gateway plus prefabricated chain code mechanism, the core is so that traditional developers do not need to learn additional blockchain technology, or hire blockchain developers to develop blockchain applications in your language. When using prefabricated chain codes to connect to the gateway API, you don't need any blockchain development capabilities at all. Looking at the development manual on the portal, we think that computer science students from sophomore to junior students will develop on their own in three days. Reduce the additional blockchain development cost to zero, which allows more enterprises to start using blockchain technology immediately.

Next, let's talk about the network efficiency of BSN. When it comes to block chain, we must ask about network efficiency. The service network itself is an environment, so how many city nodes in the service network itself does not affect the efficiency of the network, it can connect 10,000 nodes, anyway, it is not applied to run, and does not consume any resources at all. Network efficiency is reflected in the number of applications, if there are 100 nodes, one application deploys 10 nodes, the whole network has only 10 city nodes efficient, other nodes have nothing to do with efficiency, because there is no application running on it. Now, developers can log in and publish applications on the website, without human interference, we can support to 500TPS. What does this 500TPS stand for? Just one day, 4500Transactions. Some applications go beyond 500TPS, from 500TPS to 2000TPS, we need to call or leave a message to customer service, and we need to do some customization. Although it is still running on the service network, you may not be able to run directly from the portal, so 500TPS to 2000TPS needs to be customized. More than 2000TPS, we recommend that you set up your own network, because this is already a huge application. We can also support 2000TPS, but why let everyone build their own network? Because the cost of customization here is about the same as the cost of building your own network, and the customized network assets do not belong to you. At the same time, I would like to say that, in fact, BSN is designed to be the same as TPS when UnionPay does cluster services. Now, if there is an app with 10, 000 TPS, can it run on the service network? In theory, it is possible according to our current design, because all of our applications adopt a system, and the interworking between chains is very easy. We can build 1500 chains, each supporting 1500TPS, and running 6 to 7 chains at the same time. There is a more timely communication mechanism between chains. In fact, a chain is formed by using 6 to 7 chains, and these chains can be deployed in different city nodes. In theory, these can be supported now.

People often ask a question: what is the difference between BSN and blockchain cloud services (now Alibaba, Tencent and Huawei have special blockchain cloud services)? Let me tell you about it from the perspectives of development, deployment, operation and maintenance, intercommunication and supervision.

First, development. We have done all the parts within the gateway for you, you do not need to understand the blockchain programming language, do not need to hire additional programmers. You rent Ali's cloud service, not to mention how expensive it is. When you buy it back, you must have someone to do the work yourself, to program yourself, to connect the entire system, and to have developers of blockchain, which is a very high cost.

Second, deployment. Each virtual machine can deploy and manage 40 to 60 applications, and the deployment is very reasonable. Our cost is only 40 to 60 of the block chain cloud service. At present, Aliyun and Huawei Yun buy a node for a virtual machine, and you can't buy less. If there are 4 nodes and the public price is 120000 yuan / year, we only need 3000 to 4000 yuan / year here, lowering the threshold to the point that all students can come to the development zone for block chain applications, just like building a website at that time, reducing the cost from 500000 yuan to 300 yuan.

Third, operation and maintenance. I just said that there is no need for everyone to manage the parts within the gateway. You take good care of your traditional business and connect us to the gateway and the system within the website. We will unify the operation and maintenance, and your operation and maintenance costs have not increased at all. However, if you buy it yourself and build your own environment, you must have a system operation and maintenance staff, otherwise, if the system of the block chain, the application in the block chain, your Peer node or sorting node is down, Aliyun will not restart automatically.

Fourth, mutual communication. The whole network uses a unified root key, which is managed by the National Information Center. All applications, developers and users are issued from the root key, as long as mutual authorization, the two sides of the data can be interchangeable, the cost is very low. If you build a blockchain LAN yourself, when your LAN interconnects with another LAN, the underlying framework is different, the key system is different, and the data exchange is not impossible, but it is said that the development cost is very high and troublesome.

Fifth, supervision. Because all blockchain applications are deployed on the same network and managed by the same portal, supervision must be unified, and everyone can know at any time what applications they have, how they operate, and whether they comply with national laws and regulations. Cloud service is a bunch of local area networks. If someone does not want others to know that they have built a blockchain, they can buy a node in Ali, Huawei and Tencent. Cloud service providers do not know that they are a chain. Supervision is difficult and costly.

In particular, I would like to emphasize the concept. Our concept of BSN is completely different from the business philosophy of block chain cloud services. Block chain cloud service as a commercial operation of course wants to sell more things, must be able to sell a thousand to sell a thousand, will not sell less, because to earn that money. But the idea of BSN is to keep costs to a minimum, and even the network hopes to charge developers a small amount of money to let more developers in. More developers come in to innovate more applications, let the blockchain technology carry forward, let the society add a piece of value, everyone to share a new value. Instead of using various means to sell things that others do not need and putting other people's money into their own pockets, these two completely different business concepts directly define what the technical architecture is, so I must emphasize the concept.

When I talk about node access, Director Shan, High Court and President he have repeatedly mentioned that the network is open, every city node is not owned by the service network, and the network is not owned by anyone. Like the Internet, no one knows whose the Internet is, and all data centers are owned by one side, thus forming the Internet. Whose blockchain service network is it? Doesn't belong to anyone! The BSN network itself is a network formed by all the cloud resources of all parties and the installation of urban node software. We believe that as long as there are cloud services, as long as there are data centers, especially idle ones (now there are a lot of local governments and various parties built, basically no business), they can be connected to the service network, and the service network can help you sell resources. So we hope that not only China Mobile as the sponsor, but also the cloud resources of Unicom and Telecom can come in, and even welcome Ali Yun, they can also contribute 10 nodes in the center of our Zhangbei. Therefore, the relationship between BSN and cloud services is a bit like the relationship between upstream and downstream. We are composed of various cloud services, and we have built a professional data operating environment on all cloud services. Through this environment, developers can reduce their use costs very low, and at the same time help cloud services sell cloud resources in the composed professional environment. The operation mode of BSN is multi-profit, and the cost of multi-party is not high. At the same time, when the city node joins the network, the city node software is free, in this case, when the cloud service provider joins the network, the cost is zero. As long as you divide the resources, register the account, install the software, and apply to China Mobile for access to the network, China Mobile will assign you a city node ID and a digital certificate according to your configuration. The city node ID is equivalent to the IP address on the Internet. As long as you join the network, developers can see your city nodes in the portal and check and sell your resources. In the portal, the pricing of our node cloud resources may be open. We have a pricing range. When you join the network, you can say that my configuration is high, my bandwidth is more expensive, and it doesn't matter if it is expensive. The developer chooses it himself. He is willing to choose the configured one, the more expensive one, or he is willing to choose the cheaper one. We hope to form a small competitive environment in the service network, only the competitive environment can gradually reduce the cost of resources and benefit developers. Each node resource in our service network may be open and self-priced, but there is a range that cannot be given away completely for free, nor can we completely collect money from death.

Although 80% to 90% of federation chain applications now use Fabric, there are multiple frameworks on the market, and we will try our best to adapt to multiple frameworks. Developers can see the framework selected for publishing applications on the interface after logging in. Now there is only Fabric. Before the Spring Festival next year, Fabric will be added to the national secret to apply to government-like systems. We are discussing with UnionPay about the adaptation of ethernet, which is the only two international mainstream alliance chain framework at present. At the same time, the domestic alliance chain framework will also be adapted to a certain extent.

Here, I would like to thank China Mobile. China Mobile has played a very important role in this project, and the group level has given strong support to the project, so there are 54 city nodes in such a short time, of which 24 have been connected to the network. during the internal test, we can see it on the service network platform. At the same time, you will be given 3 free nodes of your choice. In the next week or two, other city nodes will gradually come online, the more online, the more free resources everyone has, and the more developers can come in.

At the same time, we have also deployed two overseas nodes, one is Hong Kong, China, and the other is Singapore. The current network scale can be said to be the largest and most physically distributed alliance chain structure in the world. In China, from Xinjiang to Xizang, to Inner Mongolia, to Northeast China, to Fujian, we have done stress tests and various data tests on the network architecture for three to four months. The test results are valuable. No one in the world can build this environment. Of course, Telecom and Unicom can also build it. The underlying data of these technologies will be made public in the technical white paper early next year, because our BSN is an open project, and we hope to share all the technology and data with you.

Let's talk about the internal test. After the internal test begins on October 15, everyone can just fill in the application form on the official website. The only requirement is the real name system, because everyone does publish the data on the public network. According to the requirements of the state administration, it must be the real name system. The individual is a valid certificate, and the enterprise is a business license, which can basically be approved after uploading. Releasing applications and using resources during internal testing are free. Each developer participating in internal testing can publish one application service and use three city node services, each with the largest 10TPS, and each city node provides 5G hard disk and 50m shared bandwidth. We have done a lot of testing on bandwidth, and for applications on one city node and several virtual machines, a shared bandwidth of 50m is enough, which is calculated byte by byte. Resources are free for everyone to use, so we control no more than 10 TPS per app, which is equivalent to 1 million transactions a day, which is enough.

After this internal test, we will not delete everyone's data. If you ask free resources for commercial use, can you do it? The answer is yes. However, first, we do not guarantee stability, and after the second internal test, although the data is retained, it will cost money to continue to use it.

How much will it cost? The price in the picture as a discussion does not mean that we have officially announced it. In the future, we will adhere to the spirit of serving developers. First, every developer gives resources to a city node, whether it costs money or not. Although a node is not called blockchain, it can be used as a development test, at least it is no problem to transfer your own application. This is free, as long as you register and give it to the resource. Second, generally speaking, there is no requirement for the number of nodes in a blockchain. We suggest that three nodes should be deployed, and three nodes should be deployed in the same city, which means that these nodes are not physically separated. In fact, now to buy Ali Cloud service, it must be all covered in a hardware machine, open four virtual machines to install the nodes, there is no physical separation. We also provide that it can be deployed on a machine in a city node, because deployment on a city node saves the data cost of transmitting public network, so it is cheap. How much is it? It is also 10 TPS, less than 2000 yuan a year. Now to run, it means that there is an app runner, whether there is business or not, but at least run through, at least show it, it costs only 2000 yuan a year. And now with Aliyun 120000 yuan / year, less than 120000 can not run, it is also three nodes, it is also 10 TPS, and the hard disk is 100G. If there is a need for physical dispersion, you can choose the north, upper and wide nodes, or the nodes in Xinjiang. Use block chain for backup, select Xinjiang node or Heilongjiang node, remote backup, backup directly to the frontier of the motherland, using public network resources of 2800 to 3200 yuan / year. This is the purpose of the service network, that is, to enable a college student to develop an application, a few hundred yuan a month, and a little savings on lunch will be enough. This cost will be reduced gradually, and the basic configuration can be reduced to less than 2000 yuan. This internal test allows everyone to use physically dispersed city nodes, and everyone is not allowed to select three nodes in the same city. The purpose is to test the application and transmission efficiency across the country.

The service network did not revolutionize the hardware efficiency, we just reduced the entry cost of the blockchain a lot. The higher the TPS requirements, the higher the cost. If it exceeds 2000TPS, the cost of our network is not much different from that of your own network.

In terms of business model, BSN actually sets up a blockchain operation environment through hardware servers and cloud resources, forms a network of cloud resources belonging to all parties, and provides low-cost blockchain development, deployment and operation and maintenance services to enterprises and individuals who need enterprise-level blockchain applications. BSN charges are unified. At present, China Mobile collects money from the government and enterprises, and divides the accounts to the node side, and there is a more complex financial sharing system. The operation mode is relatively simple. After global deployment, multinational operations will be involved, because the laws and regulations, finance and taxation of each country are different. We suggest that a separate operating company be set up in each region. Countries can develop their own nodes and develop their own developers. All the nodes are strung together into a network. You can release an application in Thailand to buy Chinese resources. The charge is still charged by Thai operators, but there is a settlement with the operating system on the Chinese side. Provincial companies like China Mobile roam from Beijing to Shanghai, and there is a settlement between the Beijing company and the Shanghai company. If I expand to think about it, there can also be a number of companies operating in China, issuing their own nodes, and everyone forming a large network to sell together, so that developers have lower costs, more extensive networks, and easier resources.

This is a screenshot of the website currently logged in, and the URL is bsnbase.com. If you're not familiar with development, or if you don't use these cloud services very often, the menu is a little more complicated. You must log in with online help and download developer manuals and development examples. In addition to reading online help and developer manuals in detail, the most important thing is to download development examples. If you know more about JAVA, run it with an JAVA instance and release an application for debugging. We estimate that you can run well in three days. We have now released some applications. If you go in, you can take a look at the applications of BSN, such as Elephant contract and Mobile Shield. If you need to see the English version of the white paper, you can also download it from the official website.

Our goal of building a service network is to become a routine development tool and deployment environment for developers, so that blockchain can be applied to all traditional business systems at low cost. We believe that in 10 or 20 years' time, more than 90% of applications involving multi-party data transmission should use federation chain technology more or less. Because its benefits are too direct, people use blockchain technology, the cost is greatly reduced, and the efficiency is greatly improved.

When it comes to databases, APP developers must think of Android and IOS. We hope that BSN is like a database, when developers think of using a blockchain, the first thing that comes to mind is BSN, which is the best tool to use and the cheapest environment. In order to achieve this goal, we will deploy in the largest range, the more resources, the greater the value of the network, the more choices for developers. City nodes are free, continue to be free, do not rely on this to make money, let you join this network is low-cost, or even open source, we expect to open source in the second half of next year. Continuously optimize the network, continuously develop and optimize the flexibility of development, deployment, and operation and maintenance. This network is easy to build, but optimizing its performance from 10 TPS to 12 TPS will require a lot of work. At the same time, let everyone's development as flexible as possible, the more flexible, the lower the cost, the greater the room for innovation. In addition, as we have been saying just now, we should continue to optimize the efficiency of the network so that the network can support more TPS and more applications. Continue to increase the basic capacity of prefabricated chain codes, and eventually make the service network become the second generation professional Internet and value Internet based on blockchain technology. What does the Internet actually solve? The problem of data transmission is solved. After so many years of development of the Internet, a number of professional networks have been gradually formed. For example, 5G network solves the problem of air data transmission, the Internet of things solves the problem of multipoint transmission, but all transmission is still based on the Internet, so the Internet will certainly develop to the specialization and value of the Internet.

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