Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

Xiaobian to share with you the development of the computer has gone through several stages, I hope you have read this article after the harvest, let us discuss it together!

The development of computer has experienced three stages: mechanical computer, electromechanical computer and electronic computer. Mechanical computers are composed of mechanical parts such as levers and gears rather than electronic parts; electronic computers are modern electronic computers for high-speed calculations, which can perform numerical calculations, logical calculations, and storage memory functions.

The development of computer has experienced three stages: mechanical computer, electromechanical computer and electronic computer.

mechanical computer

A mechanical computer consists of mechanical parts such as levers and gears rather than electronic parts. The most common examples are adders and mechanical counters, which use the rotation of gears to increase the output of the display. More complex examples can be multiplied and divided. In the 1960s, a model for calculating square roots was sold.

A mechanical computer can be an analog that uses a smoothing mechanism, such as a curved plate or slide rule, to perform calculations, or a digital computer that uses gears.

Mechanical computers reached their peak during World War II and formed the basis of complex bombsight, including Norden and similar ship computing devices such as the Torpedo Data Computer in the United States and the Admiralty Fire Brigade in the United Kingdom. It is worth noting that mechanical flight instruments on early spacecraft provided calculated outputs as indications of surface displacements rather than in numerical form. From Yuri Gagarin's first manned spaceflight until 2002, every manned Soviet/Russian spacecraft Vostok, Voskhod and Soyuz was equipped with Globus instruments, which displayed the spacecraft's displacement above the Earth by moving micro-globes, plus latitude and longitude indicators.

Mechanical computers continued to be used in the 1960s, but were soon replaced by electronic calculators using cathode ray tube outputs that appeared in the mid-1960s. This evolution culminated in the 1970s with the introduction of inexpensive handheld electronic calculators. Mechanical computers gradually disappeared in the 1970s and disappeared in the 1980s.

electromechanical computer

So let's talk about an excellent example of an electromechanical computing machine.

electromechanical tabulator

Hollerith's tabulation machine was designed primarily to answer questions about the U.S. Census.

Census, as you can imagine, nature is used for statistical information, gender, age, name, etc.

If it is purely manual statistics, you can imagine how complicated this is.

Tabulation machines are the first to apply punch technology to data storage, and you can imagine using punch and no punch to identify data.

But at that time the design was not very mature. For example, if we were modern, we would definitely have a position to indicate gender. Maybe the punch is female and the punch is male.

It was two places on the card, indicating that the male punched the M and the female punched the F, but it was very advanced at that time.

Specialized punchers then use punches to stamp resident information onto the cards.

And then, of course, statistics.

Data identification using current on and off

For each data hole on this card, there's a metal needle on top, and there's a container underneath, and the container contains mercury.

When pressing down the pressure plate, the needle can pass through the place where the card has a hole, and contact with mercury, the circuit is connected, and the needle is blocked where there is no hole.

How do I map circuit on/off to the statistics I need?

And that's where mathematical logic and logic circuits come in.

The top pin is the input, the input through the punch card.

The relay below is the output, depending on the result of energizing M will generate a magnetic field, pulling a specific lever, toggling the gear to complete the count.

See, at this point, you can already count the output from the punch card as the input, the logic circuit composed of relays as the operator, and the gear.

The main components involved in tabulation include: input/output/arithmetic

In 1896, Hollerith founded the Tabulating Machine Company, the predecessor of IBM...

electronic computer

A computer, commonly known as a computer, is a modern electronic computer used for high-speed calculations, which can perform numerical calculations, logical calculations, and storage memory functions. It is a modern intelligent electronic device that can automatically and high-speed process massive data according to the program.

A computer that consists of a hardware system and a software system without any software installed is called bare metal. It can be divided into five categories: supercomputer, industrial control computer, network computer, personal computer and embedded computer. The more advanced computers include biological computer, photonic computer and quantum computer.

Computer applications are becoming more and more common in China. Since the reform and opening up, the number of computer users in China has been rising continuously, and the level of application has been continuously improved. In particular, good results have been achieved in the application of Internet, communication and multimedia. Between 1996 and 2009, the number of computer users grew from 6.3 million to 67.1 million, and the number of networked computers rose from 29,000 to 59.4 million. Internet users have reached 316 million, wireless Internet has 670 million mobile users, of which mobile Internet users reached 117 million, ranking first in the world.

After reading this article, I believe you have a certain understanding of "which stages of computer development have experienced". If you want to know more about relevant knowledge, welcome to pay attention to the industry information channel. Thank you for reading!

Welcome to subscribe "Shulou Technology Information " to get latest news, interesting things and hot topics in the IT industry, and controls the hottest and latest Internet news, technology news and IT industry trends.