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2025-01-16 Update From: SLTechnology News&Howtos shulou NAV: SLTechnology News&Howtos > Database >
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This article is about how to compare the advantages and disadvantages of MySQL NDB Cluster, Percona XtraDB Cluster and Galera Cluster. The editor thinks it is very practical, so I share it with you. I hope you can get something after reading this article.
Galera Cluster has the following features:
1. Real multi-host architecture, any node can read and write
two。 Synchronous replication, no delay between nodes and no data loss due to node downtime
3. Tightly coupled, all nodes remain in the same state, and there is no different data between nodes.
4. No master-slave switching operation or VIP is required
5. Hot Standby with no downtime during Failover (due to no need for Failover)
6. Automatic node configuration without manually backing up the current database and copying it to the new node
7. Support for InnoDB storage engine
8. Corresponding to transparency, no need to change the application or make minimal changes
9. There is no need for read-write separation
The features provided by Percona XtraDBCluster are:
1. In synchronous replication, transactions are either committed on all nodes or not committed.
two。 Multi-master replication, which can be written at any node.
3. Events are applied in parallel from the server, which is true parallel replication.
4. The node is automatically configured.
5. Data consistency, no longer asynchronous replication.
Percona XtraDBCluster is fully compatible with MySQL and Percona Server, as shown in:
1. Data compatibility
two。 Application compatibility: no need to change the application
Cluster characteristics:
1. The cluster is made up of nodes. It is recommended to configure at least 3 nodes, but it can also run on 2 nodes.
two。 Each node is an ordinary mysql/percona server, and the existing database servers can be clustered, or the cluster can be split into separate servers.
3. Each node contains a complete copy of the data.
The advantages are as follows:
1. When a query is executed, it is executed on the local node. Because all data is local, there is no need for remote access.
two。 There is no need for centralized management. You can lose any node at any point in time, but the cluster will work as usual.
3. Good read load expansion, any node can query.
The disadvantages are as follows:
1. Adding a new node costs a lot of money. The complete data needs to be copied.
two。 Can not effectively solve the write scaling problem, all write operations will occur on all nodes.
3. There are as many duplicated data as there are nodes.
Shortcomings and limitations of NDB Cluster:
For tables that need to be sharded, you need to modify the engine Innodb to NDB, and those that do not need sharding do not need to be modified. NDB's transaction isolation level only supports Read Committed, that is, a transaction cannot query changes made within a transaction before committing, while Innodb supports all transaction isolation levels and defaults to Repeatable Read, which does not exist. Foreign key support: although the latest version of Cluster already supports foreign keys, there is a performance problem (because the records associated with foreign keys may be in other shard nodes), so it is recommended to remove all foreign keys. Data Node node data will be kept in memory as much as possible, which requires a lot of memory.
The above is how to compare the advantages and disadvantages of MySQL NDB Cluster, Percona XtraDB Cluster and Galera Cluster. The editor believes that there are some knowledge points that we may see or use in our daily work. I hope you can learn more from this article. For more details, please follow the industry information channel.
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