Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

I. Introduction to Ansible

No need to install client, communicate through sshd

Module based work, modules can be developed in any language

It not only supports command line modules, but also supports writing playbooks in yaml format, easy to write and read.

Installation is very simple, centos can be installed directly yum

There is a UI (web interface) www.ansible.com/tower available for a fee.

Official documentation http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/index.html

Ansible has been acquired by Redhat, a very popular open source software on github at github.com/ansible/ansible

A good introductory e-book https://ansible-book.gitbooks.io/ansible-first-book/

Second, ansible installation

Prepare two machines, fuxi01,yw02, the two machines we did the experiment in front

Just install ansible on fuxi01

# yum list |grep ansible You can see that there is version 2.8 ansible# yum install -y ansible ansible-doc in its own source

generate key pair ssh-keygen -t rsa on fuxi01

[root@fuxi01 ~]# ls /root/.ssh/ See if there is id_rsa and id_rsa.pub, if there is no need to generate, specify the type of rsa. authorized_keys id_rsa id_rsa.pub known_hosts

Put the public key id_rsa.pub on yw02 and this machine to set key authentication.

[root@yw02 ~]# vi .ssh/authorized_keys[root@fuxi01 ~]# vi .ssh/authorized_keys

Go back to the first machine and see if you can connect.

[root@fuxi01 ~]# ssh yw02[root@fuxi01 ~]# ssh 127.0.0.1

/etc/ansible/hosts is configured to configure host groups.

The administrative machines can be divided into groups, each group containing several machines, and subsequent operations can be performed on the host group.

//add, can write host name, can also write IP address. For the host name to be recognized, it needs to be configured in/etc/hosts.

# vi /etc/ansible/hosts[testhost]127.0.0.1yw02

Description: testhost is the main unit name, custom. The following two IPs are machine IPs within the group.

Third, ansible remote execution command

# ansible testhost -m command -a 'w'

This allows you to execute commands in batches. Here testhost is the host group name, -m specifies the module, and-a specifies the command. You can also write an ip directly to execute commands on a particular machine.

# ansible 127.0.0.1 -m command -a 'hostname'# ansible yw02 -m command -a 'hostname'

When this error occurs: "msg": "Aborting, target uses selinux but python bindings (libselinux-python) aren's not installed! "

Solution: yum install -y libselinux-python

There is also a module shell that can also be implemented

# ansible testhost -m shell -a 'w'

Module:

Command: Execute the command

Shell: Executing scripts

Ansible copies files and directories

# ansible yw02 -m copy -a "src=/etc/ansible dest=/tmp/ansible_test owner=root group=root mode=0755"

copy: copy module, which can be used to copy files or directories.

src: Specify the source file or directory

dest: Specify the destination file or directory

owner: Specifies the owner of the target

group: Specifies the target's group

mode: Specify permissions

Note: The source directory is placed under the destination directory, and if the directory specified by the destination does not exist, it is automatically created. If the copy is a file, dest specifies a name different from the source, and it is not an existing directory, which is equivalent to copying the past and renaming it. Conversely, if desc is an existing directory on the target machine, the files are copied directly under that directory.

# ansible testhost -m copy -a "src=/etc/passwd dest=/tmp/123"

/tmp/123 here is identical to/etc/passwd on the source machine, but if the/tmp/123 directory already exists on the target machine, the passwd file will be created under the/tmp/123 directory.

V. Ansible Remote Execution Script

Start by creating a shell script

# vim /tmp/1.sh Content #!/ bin/bashecho `date` > /tmp/ansible_test.txt

The script is then distributed to individual machines

# ansible testhost -m copy -a "src=/tmp/1.sh dest=/tmp/test.sh mode=0755"

Finally, batch execution of the shell script

# ansible testhost -m shell -a "/tmp/test.sh"

Shell module, also supports remote command execution and with pipes. The command module is not supported.

# ansible testhost -m shell -a "cat /etc/passwd|wc -l "

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