Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

4. What are the file management commands on Linux, their common usage and related examples.

1cp command

(1) simple understanding of cp command

[root@CentOS7 data] # whatis cp

Cp (1)-copy files and directories

Cp (1p)-copy files

[root@CentOS7 data] # which cp

Alias cp='cp-i'

/ usr/bin/cp

[root@CentOS7 data] # whereis cp

Cp: / usr/bin/cp / usr/share/man/man1/cp.1.gz / usr/share/man/man1p/cp.1p.gz

[root@CentOS7 data] # type cp

Cp is aliased to `cp-i'

(2) option

-I overwrite the prompt before, enter y enter. Does it work to return directly to the car?

-n do not overwrite, pay attention to the order of files

Recursively copy the directory and all its internal contents

-an archive, equivalent to-dr-- preserv = all

-d-- no-dereference-- preserv=links does not copy the original file, only the link name if you do not add-d to copy the linked file (soft link)

-- preserv [= ATTR_LIST] (preserve protection, maintenance)

Mode permission

Ownership main genus group

Timestamp timestamp

Links copies the symbolic link itself

Xattr extended Properties

Context security label

All

-p equals-- preserv=mode,ownership,timestamp

-v-- verbose explain what is being done

-f-- force is created after deletion

If an existing destination file cannot be opened, remove it and try again (this option is ignored when the-n option is also used)

-u-- update only copies files where the source is newer than the destination modification time (Modification Time) or where the destination does not exist

[root@CentOS7 data] # cat 1.log

[root@CentOS7 data] # cat > 1.log 111

> 22

> 33

> EOF

[root@CentOS7 data] # cat 1.log # has just been edited, mtime is late.

one hundred and eleven

twenty-two

thirty-three

[root@CentOS7 data] # cat aaa.txtl # this file mtime is earlier

Aaa

D

F

G

[root@CentOS7 data] # cp aaa.txtl 1.log

Cp: overwrite'1. Log? N

[root@CentOS7 data] # cat 1.log

one hundred and eleven

twenty-two

thirty-three

[root@CentOS7 data] # cp aaa.txtl 1.log-u

[root@CentOS7 data] # cat 1.log # View the contents of the file have not changed

one hundred and eleven

twenty-two

thirty-three

[root@CentOS7 data] # cp 1.log aaa.txtl-u

Cp: overwrite 'aaa.txtl'? Y

[root@CentOS7 data] # cat aaa.txtl # the contents of this file have been replaced

one hundred and eleven

twenty-two

thirty-three

-b destination exists, backup before overwriting, in the form of filename~

Only the last file can be backed up. If the second copy of a different file is the name of the previous file, it is still named name~

-- backup=numbered,t destination exists. Backup with digital suffix before overwriting

[root@CentOS7 data] # cp / etc/profile profile.bak-bcp: overwrite 'profile.bak'? Y [root@CentOS7 data] # lltotal 8 backup=numbered cp-1 root root 1819 Nov 12 13:05 profile.bak-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1819 Nov 12 13:04 profile.bak~ [root@CentOS7 data] # cp-- backup=numbered / etc/profile profile.bakcp: overwrite 'profile.bak'? Y [root@CentOS7 data] # lltotal 12 lltotal RW profile.bak.~1~-1 root root 1819 Nov 12 13:08 profile.bak-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1819 Nov 12 13:04 profile.bak~-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1819 Nov 12 13:05 profile.bak.~1~

The classic combination is cp-av file/directory.

(3) usage:

# cp command replication may cause attribute changes

Cp ~ wang/.bashrc bashrc.bak

Ll! *

Ll ~ wang/.bashrc bashrc.bak

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 231 Oct 22 09:17 bashrc.bak

-rw-r--r--. 1 wang wang 231 Aug 8 20:06 / home/wang/.bashrc

# # when you add the-p command, the attribute remains unchanged

Cp-p ~ wang/.bashrc bashrc.bak1

Ll! *

Ll-p ~ wang/.bashrc bashrc.bak1

-rw-r--r-- 1 wang wang 231 Aug 8 20:06 bashrc.bak1

-rw-r--r--. 1 wang wang 231 Aug 8 20:06 / home/wang/.bashrc

When copying some special files, the file type will also change.

[root@CentOS7 data] # ll / etc/redhat-release

Lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 14 Oct 14 08:52 / etc/redhat-release-> centos-release

[root@CentOS7 data] # ll redhat

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 37 Oct 22 13:18 redhat

# # when copying a directory, you need to add the option-rscarp R

[root@CentOS7 data] # cp / boot/grub2 / data/gb.bak

Cp: omitting directory'/ boot/grub2'

[root@CentOS7 data] # cp-r / boot/grub2 / data/gb.bak

[root@CentOS7 data] # ls

Gb.bak

There may be two results for executing the same command twice. See below.

[root@CentOS7 data] # cp / root/Downloads/ / data/d-r

[root@CentOS7 data] # ll / data/d

Total 0

[root@CentOS7 data] # ls / data/d

[root@CentOS7 data] # cp / root/Downloads/ / data/d-r

[root@CentOS7 data] # ls / data/d

Downloads

2mv command

-I

-f

-b

-v

-u

3rm command

-r recursive operation

-f enforces and does not interact.

-v shows the running process

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