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This article mainly introduces how to draw a three-dimensional map of Python, has a certain reference value, interested friends can refer to, I hope you can learn a lot after reading this article, the following let the editor take you to understand it.

Usually what we draw with Python is a two-dimensional plan, but sometimes we need to draw a three-dimensional scene, such as the following:

How do you make these pictures? Today, let's share how to draw a three-dimensional vector (SVG) diagram step by step.

Octahedron

Let's take the following octahedron as an example.

1 install related packages

First install two prerequisites:

3D function Library of import pyrr # NumPy

Import svgwrite # svg graphic processing Library

2 define 3D map generation environment

Next, define several classes to set up the basic environment of the 3D map:

Viewport: range of rectangular chart

Camera: including view matrix and projection matrix

Mesh surface matrices, shaders and style dictionaries required for mesh:svg vector graphics

3 generate octahedral data

Then generate data for each fixed point of the octahedron:

Def octahedron ():

"" Construct an eight-sided polyhedron "

F = sqrt (2.0) / 2.0

Verts = numpy.float32 ([(0,-1, 0), (- f, 0, f), (f, 0, f), (f, 0,-f), (- f, 0,-f), (0, 1, 0)])

Triangles = numpy.int32 ([(0,2,1), (0,3,2), (0,4,3), (0,1,4), (5,1,2), (5,2,3), (5,3,4), (5,4,1)]))

Return verts [triangles]

4 pyrr package rendering

Then use the pyrr 3D library to render the above raw data, and finally generate the svg vector graph.

5 generate svg

In the last step above, to generate the svg graph, you need to call the following Engine function, which is slightly more complicated:

The above code is all encapsulated into a class to generate octahedral graphics.

Many other graphics can be generated in addition to octahedrons.

Sphere and Klein bottle

The code is as follows:

Polyhedral sphere

The code is as follows:

A glowing sphere

Code implementation:

You can also draw this kind of surface.

The code is implemented as follows:

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