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This article mainly introduces the types and characteristics of the database, the text is very detailed, has a certain reference value, interested friends must read!

Database classification:

There are three early database models: hierarchical database, network database and relational database.

In today's Internet, databases are usually divided into two categories, namely relational databases and non-relational databases.

Relational databases and examples:

Relational database refers to a database that uses relational model to organize data, and relational model is a data organization composed of two-dimensional tables and their connections.

Features:

Advantages:

1, easy to maintain: all use table structure, consistent format;

2. Easy to use: SQL language is universal and can be used for complex queries;

Complex operations: Support SQL, which can be used for very complex queries between one table and multiple tables.

Disadvantages:

1. The reading and writing performance is relatively poor, especially the efficient reading and writing of massive data;

2, fixed table structure, flexibility is slightly less;

3, high concurrent read and write requirements, traditional relational database, hard disk I/O is a big bottleneck.

The current mainstream relational databases are:

MYSQL

Currently the most widely used open source, multi-platform relational database, support transactions, ACID compliance, support most SQL specifications

SQL Server

Support transactions, ACID compliance, support most SQL specifications, commercial software, need to pay attention to copyright and license fees

Oracle

It supports transactions, conforms to relational database principles, conforms to ACID, supports most SQL specifications, and is the most powerful, complex, and market-oriented commercial database.

Postgresql

Open source, multi-platform, relational database, the most powerful open source database, requires python environment, TimeScaleDB based on postgresql, is currently one of the more popular time series databases

Non-relational databases and examples:

Non-relational databases, also known as NOSQL (Not Only SQL), complement relational databases and provide high efficiency and performance in specific scenarios and characteristic problems.

Common types of non-relational databases are Key-Value storage databases and Document-oriented databases

Key-value storage database is similar to hash, adding, deleting and querying through keys, with high performance. Its advantages are simple, easy to deploy and high concurrency.

The main products are:

Redis

Open source, Linux platform, key-value Nosql database, simple and stable, very mainstream, full data in-momory, key-value nosql database positioned in "fast"

Memcaced

An open-source, high-performance cache system with distributed memory objects that can reduce database load and accelerate dynamic web applications

Document-oriented databases are stored in the form of documents, each document being a collection of data items, each data item having a name and corresponding value.

MongoDB

Open source, multi-platform, document-based nosql databases,"most like relational databases," positioned as "flexible" nosql databases. Suitable for website background database (update fast, real-time copy), small file system (json, binary), log analysis system (large data file)

The above is all the contents of this article "What are the types and characteristics of databases?" Thank you for reading! Hope to share the content to help everyone, more relevant knowledge, welcome to pay attention to the industry information channel!

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