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This article mainly explains "what are the characteristics of Go language". The content of the explanation is simple and clear, and it is easy to learn and understand. Please follow the editor's train of thought to study and learn "what are the characteristics of Go language"?

Some features

Go is statically typed. All variables need to be declared with a given type. Bool,string and "number" (int,uint,float64,complex128, etc.) types are basic types. Then, you can also declare the structure (just like in C). This is useful for detecting errors at compile time. Oh, by the way, Go is a compiled language.

Go code compiles very quickly! This is one of the key aspects of C and C + that the creators are trying to improve, and they do! In addition, because the code is compiled directly into machine code, the execution time is very fast. This also makes executables highly portable to other computers with the same platform.

Go has an interface. This may be a bit disappointing for object-oriented programmers, but Go has no classes. It does not support inheritance. However, it does support the creation of structures and the definition of methods for them. In addition, it supports the definition of an interface that supports loosely coupled systems. Another cool thing is that you can define an empty interface (interface {}) and then declare a generic object!

Go focuses on handling errors. Go does not support exceptions. Its philosophy is that a function must return a return value (or multiple values, because it can return multiple variables at the same time) and error values. This allows developers to consider what to do in the event of a failure. However, there are some things similar to exceptions, namely "panic" and "recovery" mechanisms.

To have garbage collection. This is a major improvement on C and C +. It is a very effective language, adding the very useful features of most recently used languages.

Go supports built-in concurrency. So far, this is the coolest feature of the Go language! It is very effective and easy to use. We will explain in detail in the next section.

Concurrency in Go

First, let's distinguish between concurrency and parallelism. Concurrency is about independent processes that execute at the same time but not necessarily at the same time. Parallelism means that execution is simultaneous. Therefore, parallelization can only be achieved through multiple kernels, and concurrency can only be done on one kernel by correctly scheduling different processes. Go implements very efficient concurrency and also supports parallelism.

Go is thought to follow the concurrency of the participant model. In this model, the participant is the original unit of calculation. Something that receives a message and makes some calculation based on the message. They get input, perform operations, and provide output. The actor in Go is goroutines.

The roles are completely isolated from each other. This means that they do not share memory, but communicate through other structures, providing them with synchronization. Go has implemented channels for this purpose. Even if shared memory structures can be used through different goroutine, using channels can make concurrency really easy and secure.

The best part is that the goroutines is very lightweight. Go plans to execute goroutine on system threads, allowing multiple goroutine to run simultaneously on a single OS thread. The advantage of this is that it reduces the stack of routines (4KB compared to the 1MB of OS threads) and saves the cost of context switching between OS threads, which is much greater than switching between goroutine. We can even run hundreds of thousands of goroutine at a very low cost!

We also mentioned that it is easy to use concurrency in go. Let's look at an example!

Package main import "fmt" func add_string (string_to_add string, input_ch chan string, output_ch chan string) {fmt.Println ("Running: add_string") result_string: =

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