Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

1. Related concepts of ESXi network:

The basis for ensuring normal communication between virtual machines in ESXi is network services, which usually need to be connected by different physical devices in the physical network to form efficient network services, while in virtual networks, different virtual devices are needed to provide services for them.

Network type of ESXi:

1. Physical network: physical network is a network established to enable normal communication between physical servers. All parts of the physical architecture of vSPhere should be connected through the physical network. At the same time, the virtual network is built on the physical network, so there is no value for the virtual network to exist.

2. Virtual network: virtual network is a network formed by logical connection between virtual machines running on ESXi hosts in order to communicate with each other. ESXi hosts can have multiple physical network cards, and virtual machines can also create multiple virtual network cards, which can be connected to the virtual switch at the same time to realize the communication between virtual machines.

Network components of ESXi

1. Physical network card: referred to as "vmnic". The first block of the ESXi kernel is called "vmnic0", the second block is called "vmnic1", and so on. ESXi hosts can have multiple vmnic connected to different physical network devices, such as switches, routers, ISCSI storage, and so on.

2. Virtual network card: referred to as vNIC, each virtual machine can have multiple virtual network cards, which can be used to connect virtual switches to ensure normal communication between each other.

3. Virtual switch: referred to as vswitch, is provided by the ESXi kernel to ensure the communication between the virtual machine and the management interface, and the network connection is provided by a port / port group similar to the physical switch. There are three types of virtual switches: standard switches, distributed switches, and switches provided by third parties.

① standard switch: it is centrally managed by each ESXi host and is very similar to a physical switch, but does not have some advanced features, such as VLAN. It is easy to operate, but each configuration change requires repetitive operations on all ESXi hosts, and when virtual machines are migrated between hosts, the network connection status is reset, making it more difficult for us to monitor and troubleshoot. The schematic diagram of the standard switch is as follows:

Virtual machine port group: used to connect virtual machines on ESXi so that they can communicate with each other or to connect to external networks. If there is no access to vmnic, it can only communicate within a single ESXi host. VMKernel: for ESXi hosts to provide advanced vSPhere functions through network connections, such as vMotion, storage network, etc. NIC Team: used to connect multiple vmnic to the same port / port group at the same time, increase throughput, and provide link redundancy in the event of a failure (like an Ethernet channel)

② distributed switch: it is an advanced switch that can centrally manage multiple ESXi, and can uniformly manage multiple ESXi, including advanced functions such as management cost, traffic monitoring, flow control, private VLAN and so on. It provides a distributed port / port group.

A member of a distributed port group is a port of VMKernel or vNIC connected to an ESXi host, and you can specify a configuration for each port, but the member port itself can also change some settings, and the distributed port group can also define how to connect to the network through distributed switching.

Create and manage the ESXi network:

(1) add a port group:

1. Log in to vCenter using web vClient to find the host we have added:

2. Click one of the hosts, and click as follows:

3. Click "add Host Network" as shown below:

4. Select "Virtual Machine Port Group for Standard switch", and click next:

5. As shown below, select the "Select existing standard switch" radio button to create a virtual machine port group on the existing standard switch; select the "New Standard switch" radio button to create a new standard switch and create a virtual machine port group on it, because ESXi has created a standard switch by default, so select the "Select existing standard switch" button here, and click next:

6. Enter the port group name and the VLAN ID to which it belongs, keep the default, and click "next". If VLAN ID is 0, the virtual machine will not receive the traffic associated with VLAN; 1: 4094 means the virtual machine can only receive the same traffic as ID; a value of 4095 means that the virtual machine will receive traffic from any VLAN.

7. After confirming that the summary information is correct, click "finish":

(2) create NIC Team to increase throughput and provide link redundancy:

1. As shown below, select "physical Network Adapter", build the NIC Team, and click "next":

2. Select the "Select existing switch" button, and click "next":

3. Click "add Adapter":

4. Select an available physical network card:

5. A new adapter has been added:

6. Click "finish" after confirmation:

7. After completion, you can see that vswitch0 has been connected to two physical network cards:

(3) create a VMKernel to implement the advanced functions provided by vSPhere:

1. Select "VMKernel Network Adapter":

2. In order to distinguish from the virtual machine port group, select "New Standard switch":

3. Click the following figure to add a physical Nic to the switch:

4. Enter the VMKernel port name "vMotion" as the identity, select "vMotion Traffic" in the "enable Services" option, and keep the rest by default. Click next:

5. Enter static ip:

6. After confirming the correctness, click "finish":

You can also create VMKernel ports for other functions according to the above steps. Note that you also need to create a standard switch on another ESXi host according to the above steps. The standard switch configuration of the two ESXi hosts must be identical except for the IP address, including port / port group naming, and so on.

7. Right-click the virtual machine we created, select the "Edit Settings" option in the pop-up shortcut menu, and change the network adapter to the virtual machine port group you just created, as shown below:

At this point, the virtual machine can ping the ESXi host and the VMKernel port.

Welcome to subscribe "Shulou Technology Information " to get latest news, interesting things and hot topics in the IT industry, and controls the hottest and latest Internet news, technology news and IT industry trends.