Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

This article shows you what OpenStack introduction is and a summary of several installation methods. The content is concise and easy to understand, which will definitely brighten your eyes. I hope you can get something through the detailed introduction of this article.

OpenStack: a free software and open source project jointly developed and initiated by NASA and Rackspace and licensed under the Apache license. The goal of the project is to provide a cloud computing management platform that is simple to implement, scalable on a large scale, rich and unified in standards. OpenStack provides infrastructure as a service (IaaS) solutions through a variety of complementary services, each of which provides API for integration. OpenStack is written in the Python programming language.

OpenStack core projects: OpenStack is a combination of many core projects.

Calculation (Compute): Nova. A set of controllers for managing the entire lifecycle of virtual machine instances for a single user or using a group to provide virtual services according to user needs. Responsible for virtual machine creation, boot, shutdown, suspension, pause, adjustment, migration, restart, destruction and other operations, configuration of CPU, memory and other information specifications. Integrated into the project from the Austin version.

Object storage (Object Storage): Swift. A system for object storage through built-in redundancy and high fault tolerance in large-scale scalable systems, which allows for storage or retrieval of files. Mirror storage can be provided for Glance and volume backup service for Cinder. Integrated into the project from the Austin version.

Mirror service (Image Service): Glance. A virtual machine image search and retrieval system supports a variety of virtual machine image formats (AKI, AMI, ARI, ISO, QCOW2, Raw, VDI, VHD, VMDK). It has the functions of creating and uploading images, deleting images, and editing basic information of images. Integrated into the project from the Bexar version.

Identity Service (Identity Service): Keystone. Provide authentication, service rules, and service token functions for other OpenStack services, and manage Domains, Projects, Users, Groups, Roles. Integrated into the project from the Essex version.

Network & address Management (Network): Neutron. Provide network virtualization technology for cloud computing and provide network connection services for other OpenStack services. Provide interfaces for users. You can define Network, Subnet, Router, configure DHCP, DNS, load balancer, and L3 services. The network supports GRE and VLAN. The plug-in architecture supports many mainstream network vendors and technologies, such as OpenvSwitch. Integrated into the project from the Folsom version.

Block storage (Block Storage): Cinder Provide stable block storage services for running instances, and its plug-in-driven architecture facilitates the creation and management of block devices, such as creating volumes, deleting volumes, mounting and unmounting volumes on instances. Integrated into the project from the Folsom version.

UI interface (Dashboard): Horizon. Web management portal for various services in OpenStack, used to simplify user operations on services, such as starting instances, assigning IP addresses, configuring access control, and so on. Integrated into the project from the Essex version.

Installation method:

1.DevStack

DevStack will still be the installation tool of choice for many developers for quite a long time. This method is mainly through the configuration of an installation script, the execution of Shell commands to install OpenStack development environment, support CentOS, Debian and other series of systems.

2.RDO

RDO is an automated OpenStack deployment tool open source by Red Hat Red Hat, supporting single-node (all-in-one) and multi-node (multi-node) deployments. However, RDO only supports CentOS series operating systems. It is important to note that this project is not part of the OpenStack official community project.

3. Manual deployment

According to the official documentation provided by the community, you can deploy single-node, multi-node, HA-node environments manually.

4.Puppet

Puppet is written in the Ruby language. Puppet is an early project into OpenStack automation deployment. At present, its active development groups are Red Hat, Mirantis, UnitedStack and so on. The Fuel deployment tool produced by Mirantis uses Puppet for a large number of module code.

5.Ansible

Ansible is an automated deployment configuration management tool that has been acquired by Red Hat. Based on Python development, it integrates the advantages of many operation and maintenance tools (Puppet, Chef, SaltStack, etc.), and realizes the functions of batch system configuration, batch program deployment, batch running commands and so on. On the one hand, Ansible summarizes the gains and losses of Puppet design, on the other hand, it also improves many designs. For example, it works based on SSH, so there is no need to install the client on the controlled side.

6.SaltStack

SaltStack is also an open source automatic deployment tool, based on Python development, to achieve batch system configuration, batch program deployment, batch run commands and other functions, and Ansible is very similar. The difference is that because of the Master and Minion authentication mechanism and working mode of SaltStack, it is necessary to install the Minion client on the controlled side.

7.TripleO

The TripleO project was first registered with BP on Launchpad by HP in April 2013 to complete the installation and deployment of OpenStack. The full name of TripleO is "OpenStack On OpenStack", which means "cloud on cloud". It can be simply understood as using OpenStack to deploy OpenStack, that is, based on the concept of V2P (as opposed to P2V, the image of a virtual machine is migrated to a physical machine), prepare the images of some OpenStack nodes (computing, storage, control nodes) in advance, and then deploy bare metal using the Ironic bare metal service of the existing OpenStack environment and the diskimage-builder of the software installation part. Finally, configure and run OpenStack on bare metal through the Heat project and the automated deployment tools (Puppet or Chef) in the image. Unlike other deployment tools, TripleO leverages OpenStack's existing infrastructure to deploy OpenStack.

8.Fuel

Fuel is a "interface deployment" tool for OpenStack, which uses a large number of languages such as Python, Ruby, and JavaScript. Its functions cover the installation of the operating system, DHCP services, Orchestration orchestration services and Puppet installation related services through automated PXE, as well as very useful functions such as OpenStack key business health check and log real-time viewing.

9.Kolla

Kolla is an automated deployment tool with broad application prospects and market. Compared to other deployment tools, Kolla revolutionizes the use of Docker container technology, running each OpenStack service in a different Docker container.

As mentioned above, OpenStack can be installed and deployed in a variety of ways, so how should beginners choose? here, I recommend using Rdo or manual deployment (the process is difficult, but can deepen the understanding of OpenStack); for veterans, you can try to use Kolla to experience the new integration of Docker and OpenStack.

At present, OpenStack not only has Kolla projects related to Docker integration, but also has excellent projects such as Magnum, Murano, Solum and so on.

The above is a summary of what is the introduction to OpenStack and several installation methods. Have you learned any knowledge or skills? If you want to learn more skills or enrich your knowledge reserve, you are welcome to follow the industry information channel.

Welcome to subscribe "Shulou Technology Information " to get latest news, interesting things and hot topics in the IT industry, and controls the hottest and latest Internet news, technology news and IT industry trends.