Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

(here take httpd-2.2.15-56.el6.centos.3.x86_64.rpm as an example)

Installation: # rpm-ivh httpd-2.2.15-56.el6.centos.3.x86_64.rpm

Options:

-I: installation, install

-v: output with details

-h: shows the installation progress in the number of #, and a # indicates a 2% progress, hash

-- test: only testing, not really performing the installation process, # rpm-ivh-- test httpd-2.2.15-56.el6.centos.3.x86_64.rpm

Note: if there is a package dependency, either resolve the dependency before installing, or ignore the dependency installation-- nodeps

# rpm-ivh-nodeps httpd-2.2.15-56.el6.centos.3.x86_64.rpm

Reinstall: # rpm-ivh-- replacepkgs httpd-2.2.15-56.el6.centos.3.x86_64.rpm

Delete: # rpm-e httpd

Option-e: delete, erase

Note: if you uninstall packages that are dependent on other programs, either do not uninstall them, or uninstall the dependent packages together, or ignore the dependencies-- nodeps,# rpm-e-- nodepshttpd

Query:

Query all installed packages: # rpm-qa

Query all installed software packages related to httpd: # rpm-qa httpd # rpm-qa | grep httpd

Query installed package information: # rpm-qi httpd

Query whether the software package is installed: # rpm-Q httpd

Query the list of files generated after installation of the software package: # rpm-ql httpd

Query the software package from which the specified file is installed: # rpm-qf / etc/passwd # rpm-qf / bin/grep

Query the help documentation generated after installation of the software package: # rpm-qd httpd

Query the configuration file generated after installation of the software package: # rpm-qc httpd

Query the script files related to the installation of the software package: # rpm-Q-scripts httpd

Including preinstall pre-installation script, postinstall post-installation script, preuninstall pre-uninstall script and postuninstall post-uninstall script

Query uninstalled software packages: # rpm-qpi httpd-2.2.15-56.el6.centos.3.x86_64.rpm

Query the list of files generated after installation of uninstalled software packages: # rpm-qpl httpd-2.2.15-56.el6.centos.3.x86_64.rpm

Query the help documentation generated after installation of uninstalled software packages: # rpm-qpd httpd-2.2.15-56.el6.centos.3.x86_64.rpm

Query the configuration files generated after installation of uninstalled software packages: # rpm-qpc httpd-2.2.15-56.el6.centos.3.x86_64.rpm

Query the script files related to the installation of uninstalled software packages: # rpm-qp-- scripts httpd-2.2.15-56.el6.centos.3.x86_64.rpm

Including preinstall pre-installation script, postinstall post-installation script, preuninstall pre-uninstall script and postuninstall post-uninstall script

Upgrade: # rpm {- Uvh |-Fvh} httpd-2.2.15-56.el6.centos.3.x86_64.rpm

Options:

-U: upgrade or install software packages, with or without older versions of the package installed

-F: upgrade the package. The old version of the package must be installed beforehand.

-v: output with details

-h: shows the installation progress in the number of #, and a # indicates a 2% progress, hash

-- nodeps: ignore dependencies

-- force: forced installation

Note: do not upgrade the kernel, multiple versions of the kernel can coexist

Check (check whether the files generated by the package after installation have been modified): # rpm-V httpd

Import the producer's public key (the public key of the CentOS distribution is in the iso file): # rpm-- import RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

Check (package integrity and source validity): # rpm-K httpd-2.2.15-56.el6.centos.3.x86_64.rpm

Options:

-- nosignature: do not check the validity of the source of the package, only check the integrity of the package

-- nodigest: do not check the integrity of the package, only check the validity of the source of the package

Rpm package database / var/lib/rpm initialization: # rpm-- initdb

Initialization: the database does not exist in advance. Create a new database.

Rpm package database / var/lib/rpm reconstruction: # rpm-rebuilddb

Rebuild: directly rebuild the database, overwriting the original database

Yum: to use yum to manage software packages, you first need to configure the available yum repositories, which are generally saved in the configuration files / etc/yum.conf and / etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo

Configuration file / etc/yum.conf format: it consists of two sections: the main configuration segment [main] and the warehouse configuration segment [repo]. By default, only the main configuration segment [main]

# vim / etc/yum.conf

[main]

Cachedir=/var/cache/yum/$basearch/$releasever

Keepcache=1

Debuglevel=2

Logfile=/var/log/yum.log

Exactarch=1

Obsoletes=1

Gpgcheck=1

Plugins=1

Installonly_limit=5

Bugtracker_url= http://bugs.centos.org/set_project.php?project_id=19&ref=http://bugs.centos.org/bug_report_page.php?category=yum

Distroverpkg=centos-release

Common yum commands:

Install the specified package: # yum [- y] install httpd

Delete the specified package: # yum [- y] erase | remove httpd

Install the local package: # yum [- y] [--nogpgcheck] installhttpd-2.2.15-56.el6.centos.3.x86_64.rpm

Options:

-y: do not ask, automatically install

-- nogpgcheck: manually forbids checking the source validity and integrity of the package

Reinstall the specified package: # yum [- y] reinstall httpd

Show configured yum repositories: # yum repolist [all]

Delete cached data: # yum clean {all | packages | metadata | expire-cache | rpmdb | plugins | dbcache | headers}

Show all rpm packages that meet the requirements: # yum list [all | installed | available]

Display information about the package: # yum info httpd

Show all package groups: three package development package groups commonly used in # yum grouplist / / CentOS 6.x, "DevelopmentTools", "ServerPlatform Development", "Desktop Platform Development"

Displays information about the package group: # yum groupinfo "Desktop Platform Development"

Install the specified package group: # yum [- y] groupinstall "Desktop Platform Development"

Delete the specified package group: # yum [- y] groupremove "Desktop Platform Development"

Check for upgradeable packages: # yum check-update

Upgrade the specified software package is the latest version: # yum update | upgrade [httpd]

Downgrade the specified package: # yum downgrade httpd

Query the software package by which the file is generated after installation: # yum provides | whatprovides / etc/passwd / bin/grep

Display the operation history of yum: # yum history

Displays the dependencies of the specified package: # yum deplist httpd

Generate metadata cache: # yum makecache

Search for the specified string in the package details: # yum search httpd

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