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Linux/Centos7 installation and management program Linux application basic query RPM software package information installation, upgrade, uninstall, RPM package / yum warehouse source code compilation 1, application and system command relationship file location

System commands: generally in / bin and / sbin directories, or internal instructions for shell

Applications: usually in / usr/bin and / usr/sbin directories

Main use

System command: complete the basic management operation of the system

Applications: perform other relatively independent auxiliary tasks

Applicable environment

System commands: generally only run in the character operation interface

Applications: according to actual needs, some programs can be run in a graphical user interface

Running format

System commands: generally include command words, command options, and command parameters

Applications: there is usually no fixed execution format 2. Directory structure of typical applications / usr/bin common execution program files / usr/sbin server execution program files and management program files / etc application configuration files (--path specified by prefix=') / var/log log files / usr/share/doc application document files / usr/share/man application hand page files 3. Common package packaging types rpm package .rpmdeb package .deb source code package is generally .tar.gz or tar.bz2 green installation-free package RPM package management tool to establish a unified database file detailed records of software package installation, uninstallation and other changes automatically analyze the dependency of the software package

General naming format: bash-4.1.2-15.el6_4.x86_64.rpm is described in the following table:

Bash software name 4.1.2 version number 15.el6_4 release times x86 times 64 hardware platform rpm extension query RPM software package information

Query installed-- rpm-Q [suboptions] [software name]

-qa: view packages installed on the system-qi: view package details-ql: view all package installation information-qf: view the package according to the specified file-qc: view all the configuration files of this package (conf cnf ini)-qd: view the documentation of this package

Query uninstalled-- rpm-qp [suboptions] rpm package file (i l c d)

Rpm install updates and uninstall

Rpm-ivh-- detailed installation process

-U update-e uninstall-I installation-- force enforcement-- nodeps resolution dependency relationship (which may cause problems with the software)-h friendly display (with # reader)-v display details rebuilding RPM database command rpm-- rebuliddbrpm-- initdb import verification public key (default is in the image file)

Rpm-import

Fourth, to solve the package dependency method when installing multiple software with dependencies, the dependent software package needs to be installed first, and multiple .rpm package files can be specified at the same time to install and uninstall multiple software with dependency. software packages that depend on other programs need to be uninstalled first and can be uninstalled with multiple software names at the same time to ignore dependencies.

Combined with the "--nodeps" option, but may cause software exceptions!

Summary of source code compilation using the advantages of using source code to install software to obtain the latest software version, timely repair bug according to user needs, flexible customization of software functions

Source code compilation process (manual compilation and installation)-first install the compiler (gcc and gcc-c++)

Download the source code installation package file tar extract. / configure configuration make compilation make install installation testing and application, maintenance

Compiler installation operation

[root@lokott] # yum install gcc gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel zlib-devel-y. / Intermediate process omission The yum command then describes that it has been installed: gcc.x86_64 0 39.el7 gcc-c++.x86_64 4.8.5-39.el7 pcre-devel.x86_64 0 8. 32-17.el7 zlib-devel.x86_64 0 1. 7-18.el7 as a dependency Installed: cpp.x86_64 0VOR 4.8.5-39.el7 glibc-devel.x86_64 0RV 2.17-292.el7 glibc-headers.x86_64 0V 2.17-292.el7 kernel-headers.x86_64 0V 3.10.0-1062.4.1.el7 libmpc.x86_64 0V 1.0.1-3.el7 libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0V 4.8.5-39.el7 is promoted as a dependency Level: glibc.x86_64 0VOR 2.17-292.el7 glibc-common.x86_64 0V 2.17-292.el7 libgcc.x86_64 0V 4.8.5-39.el7 libgomp.x86_64 0V 4.8.5-39.el7 libstdc++.x86_64 0V 4.8.5-39.el7 zlib.x86_64 0R 1.2.7-18.el7 over!

You can use. / configure-- help to view help

Typical configuration options:-- prefix= software installation directory for example:

[root@lokott] # cd / usr/src/httd-2.2.15/ [root@lokott httpd-2.2.15] #. / configure-- prefix=/usr/local/ Apache VI, yum

The concept of yum: (full name is Yellow dog Updater, Modified) is a shell front-end package manager in Fedora and RedHat as well as CentOS. Based on rpm package management, RPM packages can be downloaded and installed automatically from designated servers, dependencies can be automatically dealt with, and all dependent software packages can be installed at one time without tedious downloading and installation.

Purpose-to solve dependencies and use the latest version at the same time

Yum warehouse

(1) Private network warehouse

(2) Public network warehouse

Self-built warehouse official warehouse VII. Summary

This paper mainly introduces the installation and management program of Linux, and briefly describes the foundation of Linux application program, query of RPM software package information, installation, upgrade, uninstallation, RPM package / yum repository and source code compilation (manual compilation and installation).

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