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Unit testing

Unit testing is the testing of the basic components of the software, such as a module, a process, and so on. It is not only the most basic part of software dynamic testing, but also one of the most important parts, and its purpose is to verify the correctness of the basic components of the software. The correctness of a software unit is relative to the specification (detailed design) of the unit. Therefore, the unit test is based on the specification of the unit under test. The main methods of unit testing are control flow testing, data flow testing, data flow testing, debugging testing, domain testing and so on.

* A good unit test will find most of the defects at the stage of product development, and the cost of modifying them is very low.

* in the later stages of software development, bug modification will become more difficult, consuming a lot of time and expense.

* after unit testing, the system integration process will be simplified.

two。 Integration testing

Integration testing is a test carried out in the process of software system integration, and its main purpose is to check whether the interface between software units is correct. According to the integrated test plan, it combines modules or other software units into a larger and larger system while running the system to analyze whether the system is correct and whether the components are in harmony. There are two main strategies for integrated testing hi: top-down and bottom-up.

Integration testing, also known as assembly testing, usually carries out orderly and incremental testing of all program modules on the basis of unit testing.

Integration testing is to check the interface relationship of program units or components, and gradually integrate into program components or the whole system that meet the design requirements.

The process of software integration is a continuous process, and many temporary versions will be formed. when each version is submitted, smoke testing is needed, that is, the main functions of the program are verified.

A smoke test is also called a version verification test, which submits a test.

3. System testing

System testing is a thorough test of an integrated software system to verify that the correctness and performance of the software system meet the requirements specified in its specification. It is not a simple task to check whether the behavior and output of the software are correct. It is called the "prophet problem" of testing. Therefore, the system testing should be carried out according to the test plan, and its input, output and other dynamic running behaviors should be compared with the software specification. There are many software system testing methods, including functional testing, performance testing, random testing and so on.

4. Acceptance test

Acceptance testing is designed to show software buyers that the software system meets the needs of their users. Its test data is usually a subset of the test data tested by the system. The difference is that acceptance tests often have the representative of the purchaser of the software system on the site, or even in the site where the software is installed and used. This is the final test of the software before it is put into use.

Acceptance testing (user acceptance test, user experience test, UAT:user acceptance test)

(1) .alpha testing: software is tested by the end user in the development environment (in practice, it is often done independently by the developer)

(2). Beta testing: used by the end user for testing in the actual environment.

For some public software that does not have a fixed user base (office software, games, input method), a public beta version (beta version) is generally issued to allow users to use it free of charge, and feedback will be carried out after discovering bug.

* testing process of the software:

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