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How to analyze the function of rpm package Management

2025-02-23 Update From: SLTechnology News&Howtos shulou NAV: SLTechnology News&Howtos > Network Security >

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The content of this article mainly focuses on how to analyze the function of rpm package management. The content of the article is clear and clear. It is very suitable for beginners to learn and is worth reading. Interested friends can follow the editor to read together. I hope you can get something through this article!

Complete solution of Rpm package management function

The function of software package management: package each component file of the compiled program into one or more package files, in order to facilitate the installation, upgrade, uninstallation, query, verification and database maintenance of the package.

Let's take a look at the parsing of RPM package management.

Rpm package is widely used in redhat and S.U.S.E.

Next, we will do some detailed functional analysis based on the management of rpm packages in the centos system.

Dependencies can be resolved automatically when installing with yum (rhel series) d

Rpm package naming format:

Name-VERSION-release.arch.rpm

VERSION:major.minor.release

Major: major version number (major update); minor: minor version number (minor update)

Release number of the release.arch:rpm package

Release.os: 2.el7 (platform) .i386 (architecture). Rpm archetecture (architecture): i386, x64 (amd64), ppc, noarch processor

Actual operation:

The native machine has successfully downloaded zsh-4.3.10-9.el6.x86_64.rpm on the server to implement

Syntax: rpm [options] [packages_file]

Install;-iMagin Musi install

Rpm-ivh / path/to/rpm_package

-v; displays installation information

-vv; displays more detailed installation information

-h; use the pound sign to show the installation progress

-- nodeps; ignores dependencies (for uninstalling)

-- force; forced installation (for uninstallation)

Reinstall;-- replacepkgs will overwrite the original information

Rpm-I-- replacepkgs / path/to/rpm_name

[root@bucktan] # rpm-ivh-- replacepkgs zsh-4.3.10-9.el6.x86_64.rpm

Uninstall;-eJing Musicerase

Rmp-e package_name

-- allmatches uninstalls packages that match all specified names

-- nodeps ignores dependencies

-- test test uninstall

Upgrade;-U-F

Upgrade or install

Rpm-U / path/to/rpm_package

-- oldpackage downgrade

Two packages are fetched on the server: zabbix-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Zabbix-2.4.5-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Previously upgraded to zabbix-2.4.5-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

[root@bucktan] ~ # rpm-Uvh-- oldpackage zabbix-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Upgrade only; (if no older version exists, it will not be executed)

Rpm-F / path/to/rpm_package

Usually used with vh

Rpm-Uvh |-Fvh / path/to/package

-- nosignature does not check the validity of packet signature information

Be careful; do not upgrade the kernel

Different kernel versions can coexist, so installation can be performed, but upgrades are not recommended

Query; rpm {- Q |-- query} [select-options] [query-options]

Query whether the package is installed

Rpm-Q package_name

[select-options]:

Rpm-qa queries all installed packages

Rpm-qf / path/to/file queries that a file is generated by that package

-Q-- whatprovides file_name queries which package provides the specified capability

-Q-- whatrequires file_name query which package depends on the specified capability

[query-options]:

Rpm-ql package_name query package generated files after installation

Brief description of rpm-qi package_name query package

Help documentation generated after installation of the rpm-qd package_name query package

Rpm-qc package_name query the configuration files generated after the package is installed

Rpm-qR package_name queries the dependencies of the specified software package

Rpm-Q-- scripts query package related scripts

There are four types of scripts

Preinstall pre-installation script

Postinstall post-installation script

Preuninstall pre-uninstall script

Postuninstall post-uninstall script

Query information about uninstalled packages;-qp

Rpm-qpl package_file queries the files that will be generated after installation

Simple description information of rpm-qpi package_file query package

Can be used with its options, such as-qp-- scripts

Check whether the installed file has been modified

Rpm-V package_name

[root@bucktan] # rpm-V zsh

S.5....T. C/ etc/zshrc

Returned comment information

S file Size differs Siz

M Mode differs (includes permissions and file type) header file

5 digest (formerly MD5 sum) differs MD5

D Device major/minor number mismatch

L readLink (2) path mismatch

U User ownership differs owner

G Group ownership differs genus group

T mTime differs modification time

P caPabilities differ capabilities have changed.

Verify source legitimacy and software integrity

Packet integrity; single encryption mechanism (MD5 | sha1..)

Source legitimacy; public key encryption mechanism (RSA)

Rpm-K / path/to/packagefile directly verifies the validity of the package source

Rpm-checksig / path/to/package_file

-- nosigeature: do not check the validity of the source

-- nodigest: package integrity is not checked during verification

Import the GPG key file:

Rpm-import / path/to/gpg-key-file

Verify after import

Database

Location: / var/lib/rpm

Rebuild:

Rpm-- initdb: initialize

If a database does not exist in advance, create a new one

Rpm-rebuilddb reconstruction

Create a new database directly, and the existing database will be overwritten.

Thank you for your reading. I believe you have a certain understanding of "how to analyze the functions of rpm package management". Go to practice quickly. If you want to know more about it, you can follow the website! The editor will continue to bring you better articles!

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