Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

Computers can only recognize numeric addresses such as "111.111.111.111" when communicating on the network, so why can we see the page we need when we open a browser and enter the domain name dns.qy.com.cn in the address bar?

In fact, this is just a process of translating IP addresses and domain names into each other. The former needs to establish a domain name mapping record that points to the corresponding IP address; for the latter, this record is already established and is in effect. The establishment of this "translation" process can only be realized by a "DNS server".

DNS servers are used in TCP/IP networks to locate computers and services by using domain names instead of hard-to-remember IP addresses. Therefore, whenever you need to use a domain name, you must first make sure that the corresponding IP address resolution has been done in the DNS server for that name.

Let's take the DNS service that comes with Windows2003 as an example to realize the mutual resolution of domain name and IP address.

1. Add DNS service

When you install Win2003, the DNS service is not added. Open the start → Control Panel → add / remove programs → add / remove Windows components, click add or remove Windows components. In the component list, click Network Services (but do not select or clear the check box), and then click details. Click Domain name system (DNS), and then click OK.

Click next, and when prompted, insert WindowsServer2003CD-ROM into your computer's drive. "when the installation is complete, click finish on the complete Windows components wizard page."

Configure the DNS server

To configure DNS using the DNS snap-in in the Microsoft Management console (MMC), follow these steps: click start, point to programs, point to Administrative tools, and then click DNS. Right-click the forward search area, and then click New area. When the New Zone Wizard starts, click next. You will then be prompted to select the area type.

Zone types include:

Primary zone: create a copy of the zone that can be updated directly on this server. This zone information is stored in a .dns text file.

Secondary zone: the standard secondary zone replicates all information from its primary DNS server. The primary DNS server can be an Active Directory zone, primary zone, or secondary zone configured for zone replication. The zone data on the secondary DNS server cannot be modified. All data is copied from the primary DNS server.

Stub area: the stub area contains only the resource records required by the authoritative DNS server that identifies the zone. These resource records include name server (NS), initial authorization authority (SOA), and possible glue host (A) records.

There is also an option in Active Directory to store areas. This option is available only if the DNS server is a domain controller.

The new forward search area must be a primary area or an Active Directory integrated area so that it can accept dynamic updates. Click Primary, and then click next.

The new area contains a locator record for the Active Directory-based domain. The zone name must be the same as the name of the Active Directory-based domain, or a logical DNS container for that name. For example, if the name of an Active Directory-based domain is "support.microsoft.com", then the valid zone name can only be "support.microsoft.com", accepting the default name of the new zone file.

How to remove the root DNS area

The DNS server running WindowsServer2003 follows specific steps in its name resolution process. First query its cache, then check its zone record, then send the request to the forwarder, and finally try to parse using the root server.

By default, the Microsoft DNS server connects to the Internet to further process the DNS request with the root prompt. When using the Dcpromo tool to promote a server to a domain controller, the domain controller requires DNS. If you install DNS during promotion, a root zone is created. This root zone indicates to your DNS server that it is a root Internet server. Therefore, your DNS server does not use transponders or root hints during name resolution.

You can choose to remove the root DNS region at this point. Click start, point to administrative tools, and then click DNS. Expand Server Name, where Serve Name is the name of the server, click Properties, and then expand the forward search area. Right-click "." Area, and then click Delete.

How to configure a transponder

WindowsServer2003 can take full advantage of DNS transponders. This feature forwards DNS requests to an external server. If the DNS server cannot find the resource record in its zone, it can send the request to another DNS server to further attempt parsing. A common situation is to configure a forwarder to your ISP's DNS server.

Click start, point to administrative tools, and then click DNS. Right-click Server Name, where Server Name is the name of the server, and then click the forwarder tab. Click a DNS domain in the DNS domain list. Or click New, type the name of the DNS domain where you want to forward the query in the DNS domain box, and then click OK.

In the forwarder IP address box for the selected domain, type the IP address of the first DNS server you want to forward to, and then click add.

DNS is the core name resolution tool used on Internet and is responsible for resolving between host names and Internet addresses. Making necessary and reasonable settings will make our work get twice the result with half the effort.

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