Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

Using the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard hierarchy and the root directory system mechanism, this paper briefly introduces the directory of Linux and its use.

[root@centos7 /] # tree-d-L 1 /

/

├── bin-> usr/bin

├── boot

├── data

├── dev

├── etc

├── home

├── lib-> usr/lib

├── lib64-> usr/lib64

├── media

├── mnt

├── opt

├── proc

├── root

├── run

├── sbin-> usr/sbin

├── srv

├── sys

├── tmp

├── usr

└── var

/ bin: basic command program files available to all users

/ sbin: a tool program for system management

/ boot: static files that must be used by the boot loader: kernel, initramfs (initrd), grub, etc.

/ dev: store special files or device files

There are two types of devices: character devices (linear devices) and block devices (random devices).

/ etc: configuration file of the system program, which can only be static

/ home: the centralized location of the ordinary home directory; generally, the home directory of each ordinary user defaults to a subdirectory under this directory with the same name as the user name, / home/USERNAME

/ root: administrator's home directory; optional

/ lib: provide shared libraries for system startup or applications on the root file system (/ bin, / sbin, etc.), and kernel modules for the kernel

C Library of libc.so.: dynamic Link

Ld: runtime linker / loader

Modules: the directory where kernel modules are stored

/ lib64:64-bit system-specific path to store 64-bit shared libraries

/ media: portable device mount point, cdrom, floppy, etc.

/ mnt: temporary mount point for other file systems

/ opt: location where additional applications are installed; optional path

/ srv: the data provided by the current host for the service

/ tmp: a directory for programs that generate temporary files to store temporary files; allows users to perform write operations; has special permissions

/ usr:usr Hierarchy, read-only data path of the global share

Bin, sbin

Lib, lib64

Include:C program header file

Share: where schema-specific files such as command man pages and BYOD documents are stored

Local: another hierarchical directory

Installation location of the X11R6:X-Window program

Src: the location where the program source files are stored

/ usr/local:Local hierarchy to allow the system administrator to install local applications; it is also commonly used to install third-party programs

/ var:/var Hierarchy, the directory where frequently changed data is stored

Cache Application cache data

Lib Variable state information

Local Variable data for / usr/local

Lock Lock files

Log Log files and directories

Opt Variable data for / opt

Run Data relevant to running processes

Spool Application spool data

Tmp Temporary files preserved between system reboots

/ proc: a memory-based virtual file system used to store its related information for the kernel and processes; most of them are kernel parameters, such as net.ipv4.ip_forward, virtual net/ipv4/ip_forward, stored in / proc/sys/, so its full path is / proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

/ sys:sysfs virtual file system provides a more ideal way to access kernel data than proc, and its main function is to provide a unified model interface for managing Linux devices.

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