Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

This article mainly introduces the installation and testing of Mysql-rpm package, hoping to supplement and update some knowledge, if you have any other questions you need to know, you can continue to follow my updated article in the industry information.

I. New features

MySQL 5.7is an exciting milestone, adding new features such as ssl, json, virtual columns, and so on, to the default InnoDB engine. Compared with postgreSQL and MariaDB, MySQL5.7 has done a lot of "make-up" operations.

II. Upgrade operation

1. Uninstall the old version

1.1View MySQL

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Rpm-qa | grep mysql

Rpm-qa | grep mariadb

1.2.Uninstall MySQL

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Rpm-e-- nodeps mysql-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64

Rpm-e-- nodeps mysql-connector-odbc-5.1.5r1144-7.el6.x86_64

Rpm-e-- nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64

Rpm-qa | grep mysql

1.3. Delete the data directory

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Ls-l / var/lib | grep mysql

Rm-rf / var/lib/mysql

The data directory can be backed up and removed. The mysqld service checks if the data directory exists during initialization: if the data directory does not exist, mysqld creates it; if the data directory exists and is not empty (that is, contains files or subdirectories), mysqld displays an error message and aborts:

[ERROR]-initialize specified but the data directory exists. Aborting.

Note: this step can also be skipped.

2. Install MySQL5.7

2.1.Unpack MySQL5.7

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Tar-xvf mysql-5.7.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

By the way, the installation environment is CentOS6.5, so you should choose the el6 installation package; CentOS7 should choose the el7 installation package.

If the system version corresponding to the installation package is incorrect, a dependency error about glibc will occur during installation:

Warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature,key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

Error: Failed dependencies:

Libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.14) (64bit) is needed bymysql-community-libs-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64

2.2. Install the RPM package according to the dependency

The dependency is common → libs → client → server in turn.

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Rpm-ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Don't try to be lazy. Client also needs to be pretended.

3. Initialize MySQL5.7

3.1.Starting mysqld service

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Cd.. / sbin is the / usr/sbin directory

Service mysqld start

There is no need to initialize manually. It takes a long time to start. Wait patiently.

3.2.Check the running status of mysqld

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Service mysqld status

At this point, we can judge that the basic installation of MySQL is successful.

3.3. Find temporary login password

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Vi / var/log/mysqld.log

You can also use this command to find cat / var/log/mysqld.log more quickly | grep password can log in to MySQL after finding a random password.

3.4. Log in

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Mysql-uroot-p

Log in using your root account

4.1. change the root password

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Alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by' abc@123'

After 5.6, mysql has a built-in password enhancement mechanism, and low-strength passwords will report errors:

ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password doesnot satisfy the current policy requirements

4.2. Add remote login users

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Use mysql; (Note: this refers to using the library named mysql)

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *. * TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY' abc@123' WITH GRANT OPTION

'%' represents any address, or you can specify IP

4.3. Check the user table and refresh the memory permissions

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Select host, user from user

FLUSH PRIVILEGES

4.4. Set up a firewall

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Vi / etc/sysconfig/iptables

Before-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT-j REJECT-reject-with icmp-host-prohibited, add

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-An INPUT-m state-- state NEW-m tcp-p tcp-- dport 3306-j ACCEPT

4.5. Restart the firewall

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Service iptables restart

Summary of common commands for Linux installation Mysql

Check to see if Mysql is installed:

Rpm-qa | grep mysql

Rpm-qa | grep mariadb

Delete command:

Rpm-evMySQL-server-5.7.14-1.linux2.6.i386

Rpm-evMySQL-client-5.7.14-1.linux2.6.i386

If you can't delete it, you can add-- nodeps to delete it.

Installation commands:

Rpm-ivh MySQL-server-5.7.14-1..linux2.6.i386.rpm

Error report during installation: Header V3DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

Solution: rpm-ivhMySQL-server-5.7.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-- force-nodeps

You need to pay attention to the installation order of dependent packages here. If the installation order is correct, there are basically no errors, and forced installation is not recommended.

Linux set Firewall Command

Iptables is not only the firewall under linux, but also the service name.

Service iptables status View Firewall status

Service iptables start turn on the firewall

Service iptables stop, turn off the firewall

Service iptables restart restart Firewall

Firewalls open specific ports:

① file / etc/sysconfig/iptables

② add:

-An INPUT-m state-- state NEW-m tcp- p tcp--dport 8080-j ACCEPT (allows port 80 to pass through the firewall)

Special note: many netizens add these two rules to the last line of the firewall configuration, causing the firewall to fail to start, and the correct one should be added to the default port 22 rule.

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT-m state-- stateNEW-m tcp-p tcp-- dport 8080-j ACCEPT (not available)

The ★ number 8080 indicates that port 8080 is open, or it can be changed to another port ★.

③ restart Firewall

-An INPUT-m state-- state NEW-m tcp-ptcp-- dport 8080-j ACCEPT (allows port 80 to pass through the firewall)

Special note: many netizens add these two rules to the last line of the firewall configuration, causing the firewall to fail to start, and the correct one should be added to the default port 22 rule.

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Save the settings for the firewall

Serivceiptables save

View iptables rules and numbers

Iptables-nL--line-number

Shut down all ports of all INPUT FORWARD (forwarding) OUTPUT

Iptables-PINPUT DROP

Iptables-PFORWARD DROP

Iptables-POUTPUT DROP

Open port 22 only

Iptables-An INPUT-p tcp-- dport 22-j ACCEPT

Iptables-AOUTPUT-p tcp-sport 22-j ACCEPT

Parameter explanation:

The-A parameter is treated as adding a rule

-p specifies what the protocol is. Our commonly used tcp protocol, of course, also has udp, such as DNS with port 53.

-dport is the target port. When data enters the CVM from outside, it is the target port.

-if sport data is sent out of the server, it will be used for the data source port

-j is specified as ACCEPT-receive or DROP does not receive

Disable a certain IP access

Iptables-AINPUT-p tcp-s 192.168.1.2-j DROP

-s parameter is the source (that is, 192.168.1.2)

The following refusal is DROP.

Delete a rule

Iptables-DINPUT 2

Delete the rule with INPUT chain number 2

Read the above about Mysql-rpm package installation and testing analysis, hope to give you some help in practical application. Due to the limited space in this article, it is inevitable that there will be deficiencies and need to be supplemented. If you need more professional answers, you can contact us on the official website for 24-hour pre-sales and after-sales to help you answer questions at any time.

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