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What is AWS IoT Core?

AWS IoT Core is a hosted cloud platform that allows connected devices to easily and securely interact with cloud applications and other devices. AWS IoT Core can support billions of devices and trillions of messages, and can process these messages and route them securely and reliably to AWS endpoints and other devices. With AWS IoT Core, your application can track and communicate with all devices at any time, even if they are not connected.

What functions does AWS IoT Core provide?

Connect the device to the AWS cloud. First, with AWS IoT Core, you can communicate with connected devices in a secure, low-latency, and low-overhead manner. Communication can be extended to any number of devices you need. AWS IoT Core supports standard communication protocols (currently HTTP, MQTT, and WebSockets are supported). TLS can be used to secure communications.

Deal with data sent by interconnected devices. Second, with AWS IoT Core, you can continuously receive, filter, convert, and route data streaming from interconnected devices. You can perform operations based on this data and route it for further processing and analysis.

Applications that interact with connected devices. Finally, AWS IoT Core can accelerate the development of IoT applications. It serves as an easy-to-use interface for applications running in the cloud and on mobile devices to access data issued by connected devices and to send data and commands back to the device.

How does AWS IoT Core work?

Connected devices, such as sensors, actuators, embedded devices, smart devices, and wearable devices, connect to the AWS IoT Core through HTTPS, WebSockets, or secure MQTT. AWS IoT Core includes a device gateway to establish secure, low-latency, low-overhead two-way communication between connected devices and your cloud and mobile applications.

In addition, AWS IoT Core includes a rules engine that continuously processes data sent by interconnected devices. You can configure rules to filter and transform data. In addition, you can configure rules to route data to other AWS products (such as DynamoDB, Kinesis, Lambda, SNS, SQS, CloudWatch, and Elasticsearch Service with built-in Kibana integration) and non-AWS products for further processing, storage, or analysis through Lambda.

It also provides a registry for you to register and track devices connected to the AWS IoT Core or devices that may be connected in the future. The device shadow in AWS IoT Core allows cloud and mobile applications to query the data sent by the device and send commands to the device through a simple REST API, while handing over the underlying communication with the device to IoT Core. Device Shadow provides a unified interface to devices, even when they use one of the IoT communication and security protocols that the application is not compatible with, accelerating application development. In addition, device Shadow can accelerate application development by providing always available interfaces to devices, even if connected devices are constrained by intermittent connection interruptions, limited bandwidth, limited computing power, or limited power.

Communicate securely with AWS IoT Core. The service requires all its clients (connected devices, server applications, mobile applications, or human users) to use strong authentication (X.509 certificates, AWS IAM credentials, or third-party authentication via AWS Cognito). All communications are encrypted. In addition, AWS IoT Core provides fine-grained authorization to isolate and protect communication between authenticated clients.

How should the application access AWS IoT Core?

Applications that connect to AWS IoT Core are generally divided into two categories: 1. Supporting applications; 2. Server application. Companion applications are mobile or client-side browser applications that interact with connected devices through the cloud. A mobile application that enables consumers to remotely unlock smart locks in a consumer's home is an example of a matching application. Server applications are designed to monitor and control a large number of connected devices at the same time. A fleet management website that draws thousands of trucks on a map in real time is an example of a server application.

AWS IoT Core enables supporting applications and server applications to access interconnected devices through a unified RESTful API. In addition, applications can choose to use publish / subscribe to communicate directly with connected devices.

Typically, companion applications use end-user identity (managed by your own identity store or third-party identity providers such as Facebook, Login with Amazon, and so on) for authentication. For companion applications, you can use Amazon Cognito (integration with multiple identity providers). The Cognito identity can be granted to access the AWS IoT Core, and its access can be limited to resources associated with it. For example, as a manufacturer of connected washing machines, you can authorize consumers to access AWS IoT Core information that belongs to their respective washing machines.

Server applications, such as the mapping application running on Amazon EC2, can access AWS IoT Core using the IAM role.

What is a device gateway?

Device gateways form the backbone of communication between connected devices and cloud functions such as rule engines, device shadows, and other AWS and third-party services.

The device gateway supports publish / subscribe message sending and receiving mode, which can achieve scalable, low-latency and low-overhead communication. It is particularly useful in IoT scenarios where billions of devices are expected to communicate frequently and with low latency. Publish / subscribe mode means that the client publishes messages on a logical communication channel called a topic, and the client subscribes to the topic to receive the message. The device gateway facilitates communication between publishers and subscribers. Traditionally, to use the publish / subscribe model, organizations must provision, operate, extend, and maintain their own servers as device gateways. AWS IoT Core provides device gateways to remove this barrier.

The device gateway can be automatically expanded according to your usage and will not bring you any operational expenses. AWS IoT Core supports secure communication with device gateways, AWS account-level isolation, and fine-grained authorization within AWS accounts. Currently, the device gateway supports publishing and subscribing through MQTT and WebSockets, as well as publishing through HTTPS.

What is MQTT?

MQTT is a lightweight publish / subscribe protocol designed to minimize network bandwidth and device resource requirements. In addition, MQTT supports secure communication using TLS. MQTT is often used in IoT use cases. MQTT v3.1.1 is an OASIS standard, and device gateways support most MQTT specifications.

What is a rule engine?

The rules engine continuously processes inbound data from devices connected to the AWS IoT Core. You can use intuitive SQL-like syntax to configure rules in the rules engine to automatically filter and transform inbound data. You can further configure rules to route data from AWS IoT Core to multiple other AWS products and to your own third-party services.

Here are a few rule use cases:

Filter and transform incoming messages and store them in DynamoDB as time series data. When the data from the sensor exceeds a certain threshold, a push notification is sent through the SNS. Save the firmware file to S3 while processing messages from a large number of devices that use Kinesis call Lambda to customize the incoming data to send commands to a group of devices in the form of automatic rerelease

How do I define and trigger rules?

The AWS IoT Core rule consists of two parts:

SQL statement: specifies the publish / subscribe topic to which the rule is to be applied, the data transformation to be performed, if any, and the conditions under which the rule is executed. This rule applies to every message published on the specified topic.

Action list: defines the action to be taken when the rule is executed (that is, when the incoming message matches the condition specified in the rule).

The rule definition uses an JSON-based schema. You can edit the JSON directly or use the rule editor in the AWS management console.

The following is an example of a rule that saves temperature data from the sensor to DynamoDB when the temperature is higher than 50:

{

"sql": "SELECT * from 'iot/tempSensors/#' WHERE temp > 50"

"description": "Rule to save sensor data when temperature is about 50"

"actions": [

{

"dynamoDB": {

"tableName": "HighTempTable"

"roleArn": "arn:AWS:iam::your-AWS-account-id:role/dynamoPut"

"hashKeyField": "key"

"hashKeyValue": "${topic (3)}"

"rangeKeyField": "timestamp"

"rangeKeyValue": "${timestamp ()}"

}

}

]

}

The sensor in this example publishes messages in its topic under "iot/tempSensors/". The first line of the rule defines a SQL SELECT statement that queries the "iot/tempSensors/#" topic. It contains a WHERE clause: extract the value of the "temp" field in the message payload and check to see if it meets the "higher than 50" condition. Stores the data in the specified DynamoDB table if the condition is met. This example uses built-in functionality to accomplish tasks such as traversing the message payload and getting the current time.

You can easily connect devices to the cloud and other devices with AWS IoT Core. AWS IoT Core supports HTTP, WebSockets, and MQTT (lightweight communication protocols designed to allow intermittent connections to minimize code footprint on devices and reduce network bandwidth requirements). AWS IoT Core also supports other industry standards and custom protocols, and can communicate with each other even if devices use different protocols.

AWS IoT Core provides authentication and end-to-end encryption services at all connection points, so data is never exchanged between the device and the AWS IoT Core without authentication. In addition, you can secure access to devices and applications by applying policies with detailed permissions.

Process and perform operations on device data

With AWS IoT Core, you can quickly filter, transform and perform actions on device data according to your own defined business rules. You can update rules at any time to implement new device and application features. Even for more powerful IoT applications, you can easily use AWS products such as AWS Lambda, Amazon Kinesis, Amazon S3, Amazon Machine Learning, Amazon DynamoDB, Amazon CloudWatch, and Amazon Elasticsearch Service with AWS IoT Core.

Read and set device status at any time

AWS IoT Core stores the latest status of the interconnected device so that it can be read or set at any time, so that the device always seems to be online to your application. This means that your application can read the status of the device (even if it is disconnected), and you can also set the device state and implement it after the device is reconnected.

API referenc

Https://docs.aws.amazon.com/iot/latest/apireference/Welcome.html

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