Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

1. Installation of Linux system 1. Linux directory structure / root partition the starting point of the Linux file system there is one and only one root partition in the Linux system, and all the data in the Linux is stored in / below / commands used by ordinary bin users / commands used by sbin administrators / boot stores startup-related files Kernel. / root administrator's home directory / home ordinary user's home directory / dev storage device related, hard disk, optical drive, floppy disk, keyboard. / etc configuration file storage location / var storage data, log related / tmp temporary file storage location 2. File system concept: disk format Windows NTFS, Fat32 Linux XFS, ext2/ext3/ext4 swap swap partition, virtual memory 8G3. Double-click the desktop VMware Workstation Pro icon / file / new virtual machine / customize for the new CentOS7 installation environment, next / select to install the operating system later, next / select Linux,Red Hat Enterprise 7 64-bit, next / modify the virtual machine name CentOS7, install location change D:\ Virtual Machines\ CentOS7, next / next / memory 2048m, next / hard disk modify to SATA Next step / next step / hard disk adjustment to 80g, next step / next step / complete 4. Install CentOS7 a. Put in the installation CD and select CD/DVD (SATA) / choose to use the ISO image file / D:\ net worker package\ package\ ISO\ CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1511.iso/ to make sure the above device status is selected / determined b. Start the virtual machine power, select Install CentOS 7, enter c. Installation language selection Chinese, simplified Chinese, continue, keyboard / option / ctrl+shift/ complete SECURITY/ shutdown / complete software selection / GNOME/ complete d. Install location / I want to configure partition / finish / select standard partition, click + / mount point selection / boot, size 200m, add mount point / click + / mount point selection /, size 20000m, add mount point / click + / mount point select swap, size 8192 M complete / start installation e. Click the root password, set the password to centos, and complete / restart f. Initialization after installation (if text interface): 1-- > 2-- > c-- > c-- > c II, basic operation of Linux system 1. Account management Windows administrator administrator Linux administrator root 2. Switching between graphical desktop and command line interface centos7 provides six terminal environments for F1-F6, where F1 is graphics and F2-F6 is the switching between characters from the graphical desktop to the character interface Ctrl + Alt + (F2-F6) character interface to the graphical desktop Alt + F1 character interface Alt + (F2-F6) exercise: 1) press Ctrl + Alt + F2 to switch to the second character console enter root after login: Press Enter to confirm enter the password of the root user after password:, press the Enter key to log in 2) press Alt + F3 to switch to the third character console after login: enter root, press Enter to confirm that the password of the root user is entered after password:, press Enter key to log in 3) enter exit to exit the third character console 4) press Alt + F1 to return to the graphics desktop environment 3.Linux command basically use pwd to print the current working directory Equivalent to windows address bar cd switch directory cd. The current directory remains unchanged, cd.. Return to the previous directory cd.. /.. Return to the upper-level cd of the previous directory-return to the last directory cd ~ = cd return the current user's home directory ls list the contents of the current directory-l long format display the contents of the current directory double-click a directory = Linux inside cd + ls4.Linux below the color function blue indicates the folder red compressed file green executable black Color common file yellow device file eg: [root@localhost ~] # cd / / [root@localhost ~] # pwd / root [root@localhost ~] # cd. / / [root@localhost ~] # pwd / / root [root@localhost ~] # cd. / / [root@localhost /] # pwd / [root@localhost /] # cd.. / / [root@localhost /] # pwd/ [root@localhost /] # cd / etc/pki/CA [root@localhost CA] # pwd/etc/pki/CA [root@localhost CA] # cd.. /.. [root@localhost etc] # pwd/etc [root@localhost etc] # pwd/etc [root@localhost etc] # cd / root/ [root@localhost] # pwd/root [root@localhost ~] # cd-/ etc [root@localhost etc] # pwd/etc5. Configure the network ifconfig to view the current network information # ifconfig # route-n View the gateway # cat / etc/resolv.conf View the dns address graph configure the upper right corner of the network Alt+F2nm-connection-editor to reactivate the network verify hostnamectl-sethostname xxx.xxx.xxx [root@localhost ~] # hostnamectl [root@localhost ~] # hostnamectl set-hostname teacher.tedu.cn [root@localhost ~] # hostnamectl Static hostname: teacher.tedu.cn Icon name : computer-vm Chassis: vm Machine ID: d3f0970c5308449d950e3453c9a449ba Boot ID: c5799a77789d47ca9a670064a03655ebVirtualization: vmwareOperating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core) CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7 Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 Architecture: x86-64 Command configuration Network # nmcli device status list all network card devices # nmcli connection show list configured network connections manually set IP address / mask Allow automatic connection to nmcli con mod "connection name" ipv4.method manual ipv4.address "IP address / mask bits" # nmcli connection modify eth0 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses "10.0.0.10 nmcli con mod" connection name "connection.autoconnect yes# nmcli connection modify eth0 connection.autoconnect yes" manually specify the default gateway, DNS address # nmcli con mod "connection name" ipv4.gateway default gateway address # nmcli con mod "connection name" ipv4.dns DNS address # nmcli connection modify eth0 ipv4.gateway 10.0.0.25 connection nmcli connection modify eth0 ipv4.dns 4.4.4.4 deactivate specified connection nmcli con down "connection name" activate specified connection nmcli con up "connection name" # nmcli connection down eth0 # nmcli connection up eth0 # ifconfig eno16777736: flags=4163 mtu 1500 Inet 10.0.0.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.0.255 # route-nKernel IP routing tableDestination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface0.0.0.0 10.0.0.254 0.0.0.0 UG 10000 eno16777736# cat / etc/resolv.conf # Generated by NetworkManagersearch tedu.cnnameserver 4.4.4.4

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