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This article mainly introduces how to choose a suitable version of the Linux system, which has a certain reference value, interested friends can refer to, I hope you can learn a lot after reading this article, the following let the editor take you to understand it.

I. introduction of the mainstream version of Linux

The distribution of Linux can be divided into two categories, one is the distribution maintained by commercial companies, the other is the distribution maintained by community organizations, the former is represented by the famous Redhat (RHEL), and the latter is represented by Debian.

1. Red Hat Linux

Red Hat is a relatively mature version of Linux, which is considerable both in sales and installed capacity. This version supports Intel, Alpha and Sparc hardware platforms at the same time since 4.0. and through the development of Red Hat company, users can easily upgrade the software and uninstall the application software and system components completely. Red Hat was first founded by Bob Young and Marc Ewing in 1995 and is currently divided into two series, namely, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, which is supported and updated by Red Hat for a fee, and free Fedora Core developed by the community. Fedora Core 1 was released in late 2003 and is positioned as a desktop user. Fedora Core provides * software packages, and the version update cycle is very short, only 6 months. Currently, the * * version is Fedora Core 6, while the beta version of Fedora Core 7 has been launched, and the version suitable for the server is Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Because it is a paid operating system, many enterprises or cyberspace companies at home and abroad choose CentOS. CentOS can be regarded as a clone of Red Hat Enterprise Linux, but it is free and its official home page is.

2. Debian Linux

Debian, which was first founded by Ian Murdock in 1993, can be regarded as the most GNU-compliant Linux system so far. The Debian system is divided into three version branches (Branch), namely Stable, Testing and Unstable. As of May 2005, the specific versions corresponding to these three version branches are Woody, Sarge and Sid. Among them, Unstable is the test version of * *, including * software packages. However, there are relatively many Bug, and the versions suitable for desktop users Testing have been tested in Unstable, which is relatively stable and supports a lot of new technologies (such as SMP, etc.). While Woody is generally only used for servers, most of the software packages are outdated, but the stability and security performance are very high, which is one of the reasons why so many users are obsessed with Debian, Apt-Get, and Dpkg. Dpkg is a unique software package management tool of Debian series. It is regarded as the largest of all Linux software package management tools (such as RPM). It becomes extremely easy to install, upgrade, delete and manage software on Debian with Apt-Get. Many Debian users joke that Debian makes them lazy, because as long as you type "Apt-Get Upgrade & & Apt-Get Upgrade", all the software on the computer will be updated automatically. Its official home page is.

3. Ubuntu Linux

To put it simply, Ubuntu is a Linux operating system that has all the advantages of Debian, as well as its own enhanced advantages. Ubuntu is a relatively new release, and its emergence may have changed the way many potential users think about Linux. It may have been thought that Linux was difficult to install and use in the past, but these have become history since the advent of Ubuntu. Ubuntu is based on Debian Sid, so it has all the advantages of Debian, including Apt-Get. Not only that, however, Ubuntu's default GNOME desktop system also makes Ubuntu's interface easy to decorate without losing its splendor. Of course, if you are a supporter of KDE, Ubuntu is also suitable. The installation of Ubuntu is very user-friendly, as long as you follow the prompts step by step, the installation is as easy as the Windows operating system. And Ubuntu is regarded as one of the most comprehensive Linux distributions that support hardware. Many hardware that cannot be used on other distributions or cannot be used by default configuration can be easily implemented on Ubuntu. And it uses a self-reinforced kernel (Kernel), which makes the security more perfect. Ubuntu cannot log in directly to Root by default, and the first created user must obtain Root permissions through Su or Sudo (this may not be convenient, but it certainly adds security to prevent users from damaging the system due to carelessness). The Ubuntu version has a weekly period of 6 months, which makes up for the slow updating of Debian. Its official home page is.

4. Slackware Linux

Slackware was founded by Patrick Volkerding in 1992 and is supposed to be the oldest Linux distribution. It used to be very popular, but as Linux became more and more popular and the technical aspects of users became wider and wider (more newcomers), it was gradually forgotten by newcomers. While other major distributions emphasize ease of use, Slackware is still stubbornly pursuing the most primitive efficiency-all configuration is done through configuration documents. In spite of this, Slackware is still deeply rooted in the hearts of the people (most of them are experienced Linux veterans). It is stable and secure, so it still has a large number of loyal users. Because Slackware tries to use the original software package without any modification, the probability of creating a new Bug is much lower. Its version update cycle is long (about 1 year), but the new version is still available for download continuously, and its official home page is.

5. Suse Linux

Suse is a Linux distribution that originated in Germany, and it also enjoys a high reputation all over the world, and its self-developed software package management system YaST is also well received. Suse was acquired by Novell in late 2003, and the release of Suse after 8.0 was confusing, such as a charge for version 9.0 and a free release for version 10.0 (perhaps due to various pressures). This confused some users and turned to other distributions. However, Suse is still a very professional and excellent distribution, and its official home page is.

6. Gentoo Linux

Gentoo Linux was originally created by Daniel Robbins (one of the former developers of Stampede Linux and FreeBSD), and because of the developer's familiarity with FreeBSD, Gentoo has a widely acclaimed ports system comparable to FreeBSD-portage (both ports and portage are systems for updating software online, similar to apt-get, but still very different). The stable version of Gentoo, released in 2002, is known for its high degree of customization and is a source code-based (source-based) distribution. Although you can choose a precompiled package during installation, most users choose to compile it manually, which is why Gentoo is suitable for veterans who have more experience with Linux. However, it should be noted that because it takes a lot of time to compile the software, it may take several days if all the software compiles and installs larger packages such as the KDE desktop system.

7. Arch Linux

Arch Linux's KISS philosophy was launched in 2002 by Judd Vinet, a Canadian computer science graduate, and for several years it has been a fringe project designed for intermediate and advanced Linux users. But it is "scrolling update", only need to be installed once, and then keep updating, do not install a new system from scratch. This is all thanks to its powerful package manager and a software library that is always *. As a result, there are few "distributions" of Arch Linux and are now limited to a basic installation CD, and new installation media will be released only if the basic system changes considerably.

In addition to its highly respected "rolling release" update mechanism, Arch Linux is also known for its fast and powerful package manager "Pacman", which is able to install packages from source code, and because of its AUR infrastructure and a growing library of well-tested software packages. Its highly valued documentation, as well as excellent Arch Linux manuals, allow some advanced Linux users to install and customize their own distribution. The powerful tools available to users mean that distributions can be customized to the smallest details, and no two installations may be the same.

Second, how should we choose the Linux suitable for our own application

First of all, what do you want to do?

I will classify Linux versions according to common requirements. There are some overlaps, and any of these Linux distributions can meet your expectations if you are well prepared. One of the great advantages of Linux is that it allows you to do whatever you want. But there are differences between distributions, some can do a lot of work for you, or a version has a design that is more suitable for a particular goal.

Below I will classify these distributions according to the easiest way to achieve their goals:

1. A novice who has just started Linux

I will recommend Ubuntu to novice Linux. The reason is that Ubuntu is great in terms of ease of use and compatibility.

two。 Want to be a technology pioneer.

If you don't care about its stability, you just want * software. You want to study the kernel, or do something cool that other programmers submitted yesterday.

These distributions can be used for the following purposes:

Take risks in order to learn something.

* and the greatest features

Interesting configuration to handle major changes

For stability and security, what you need now is *:

Arch Linux

OpenSuse Tumbleweed

Fedora Rawhide

Gentoo Unstable

3. Just want to get some basic work done.

Well, maybe you don't care about the details of the operating system, you just want GSD (Get Stuff Done to complete the task). Maybe it's best if you want to build Node or GoLang app,Linux.

If you want to get the job done, the following are helpful:

Debian Download

Fedora

OpenSuse Leap

Ubuntu Studio

These distributions can be used for the following purposes:

Smooth operation and low maintenance

Minimum configuration

Most things can be done automatically.

Compatible with hardware and software

4. Want to use to build a server

Maybe you want to build a Web server or virtual host, but you don't know which version to use. The * in this category are the main releases for web hosting, so if you want something that simulates a website that hosts software, try CentOS.

Here are some solid and reliable helpers for virtual hosting:

CentOS

Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)

Debian 9 Download

These distributions can be used for the following purposes:

Stability.

Safety

Support other programmers for the same reason to use

5. Want a safe and secure environment

Or you want to build a system that is difficult to hack into, for whatever reason. Several security releases deserve to be the focus of attention. If you're really worried about locking the host, take a look at these:

TAILS Linux

Alpine Linux

CoreOS

TENS Linux (DOD Project)

Tin Hat Linux

These distributions can be used for the following purposes:

Security.

Anonymity

6. Want the smallest computer system

Well, sometimes you just want something simple and lightweight to get a job done. I totally understand. Maybe you have an old Pentium processor that you want to relocate. Maybe the operating system is only a small part of the goal, and you want to minimize the capacity and configuration.

ArchBang

Lubuntu

Puppy Linux

Tiny Core Linux

Bodhi Linux

These distributions can be used for the following purposes:

Will run on the old hardware

Minimize as much as possible

Thank you for reading this article carefully. I hope the article "how to choose the version of Linux system suitable for you" shared by the editor will be helpful to you. At the same time, I also hope you can support us and pay attention to the industry information channel. More related knowledge is waiting for you to learn!

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