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This article introduces the relevant knowledge of "what DOS basic commands are there". In the operation process of actual cases, many people will encounter such difficulties. Next, let Xiaobian lead you to learn how to deal with these situations! I hope you can read carefully and learn something!

Overview of DOS

DOS (Disk Operating System) is a widely used disk operating system, and even the popular Windows9x/ME system is based on it.

There are two common DOS: IBM's PC-DOS and Microsoft's MS-DOS, their functions, command use format are the same, we commonly use MS-DOS.

Since DOS came out in 1981, the version has been updated continuously, from the original DOS 1.0 to the latest DOS 8.0 (Windows ME system), the highest version of pure DOS is DOS 6.22, after which the new version of DOS is provided by Windows system, and does not exist alone. The following explanation uses DOS 7.0 for Windows 98 4.10.2222A.

DOS Basics

1) Composition of DOS

DOS is divided into two parts: core startup program and command program.

DOS core boot programs are Boot system boot program, IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS and COMMAND.COM. They are the basic components of DOS, and they enable the system to boot.

But the light has started the procedure also not to be good, DOS takes a character type operating system, the general operation is through the command to complete. DOS commands are divided into internal commands and external commands. Internal commands are some commonly used command programs that take up little space, such as dir, cd, etc. They exist in the COMMAND.COM file and are loaded into memory at system startup for easy invocation. Other external commands exist as separate executables and are called into memory when used.

(Small knowledge: executable program files are *.COM and *.EXE two kinds, generally speaking, *.EXE file for software execution program, and *.COM file is a command program)

2) Start of DOS

If you have WIN98 installed, press Ctrl when the computer starts, the startup selection menu appears, and select 5"Command Prompt Only" to enter DOS mode.

At present, our commonly used operating systems are windows 9x/Me,NT,2000, etc., all of which are visual interfaces. The operating system used by people before these systems was DOS. DOS is no longer used by anyone, but the dos command still exists in the Windows system we use. Most DOS commands are now visible in Windows, but some advanced DOS commands are still executed in DOS. So learning the command line is necessary for us to operate Windows skillfully.

Different operating systems require different commands to enter the command line interface.

Enter the command line interface by typing "command" in the Run program in the Start menu of Win9x/Me.

In Windows 2000/NT Start menu, run programs. "cmd" command to enter the command line interface.

The DOS commands I'll describe below can be executed on Windows Me.

So, how do we get to the command line window?

Start--> Run--> Type command--> Enter

Enter the command line operation interface (DOS window), in the DOS window can only use the keyboard to operate.

In DOS, the program is executed by typing English commands plus the Enter key.

3) DOS system prompt

After DOS starts, it will display "C:>" and a flashing cursor, which is the DOS system prompt, which indicates the current drive letter and directory, we can enter "[drive] :" to convert, such as "A:","E:". Note here that the drive letter entered must exist.

(Small knowledge: drive letter from A to Z, usually A, B drive is floppy drive, hard drive letter starts from C, and drive letter is the last one)

4) Documents and directories

The data in the computer is mainly stored in the form of files. It can also be said that DOS manages data in the form of files.

A file is a collection of related data, several pieces of data grouped together to form a file. Each file has a filename, which consists of a main filename and a suffix separated by a dot. DOS6.22 and earlier versions only support up to 8-character main filenames and 3-character suffixes, compared with 128-character main filenames and suffixes since DOS7.0 in Windows 95. Letters, Chinese characters, numbers and some special symbols such as "!,@,# "can be used as a file name, but can not have"/,\,|、:、? "etc.

Usually we can see the type of file by the suffix name of the file, such as:

suffix name

file type

EXE

executable program file

COM

executable command file

BAT

executable batch file

TXT

text file

DAT

data file

BAK

backup file

DOS also allows wildcards for user convenience. Wildcards, that is,"? "and"*"are symbols that can be used instead of certain characters in file names. "？"Represents a legal character or null character, such as"AB? D.EXE"file can be expressed as"ABCD.EXE,""ABDD.EXE,""ABZD.EXE"and so on.

"*" represents several characters, such as "*.BAT" represents all files with the suffix "BAT" in the current directory.

DOS manages disks in the form of directory trees, where directories are equivalent to folders in Windows. Like folders, directories are layered into a tree. In a drive letter, the lowest level directory is the root directory. The directories under the root directory are called its subdirectories. The root directory is represented by "\". The directory above a directory is represented by ".. "indicates. We can find a file or directory through a path, and the path, like an address, allows users to find it conveniently and accurately. For example,"C:\Windows\Command\deltree.exe" is the path to a file.

Files or directories with the same name are not allowed to exist under the same directory.

"Which DOS basic commands" content is introduced here, thank you for reading. If you want to know more about industry-related knowledge, you can pay attention to the website. Xiaobian will output more high-quality practical articles for everyone!

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