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This article will explain in detail how the file system and file basis of the Linux system is, and the content of the article is of high quality, so the editor will share it with you for reference. I hope you will have a certain understanding of the relevant knowledge after reading this article.

The most important and difficult point in learning Linux is to master different types of file systems and their functions. Through the installation of the Linux system, let's first understand the general functions of each directory folder in the Linux system: the main directory trees are /, / root, / home, / usr, / bin and so on. Here is a typical linux directory structure as follows:

/ root directory

/ bin stores the necessary commands

/ boot stores the kernel and the files needed for startup

/ dev stores device files

/ etc stores system configuration files

/ home the host directory of ordinary users, and the user data is stored in their home directory

/ lib stores the necessary runtime

/ mnt holds a temporary mapping file system, which is usually used for mounting.

/ proc stores storage process and system information

/ root superuser's home directory

/ sbin storage system management program

/ tmp stores temporary files

/ usr stores applications, command program files, libraries, manuals and other documents.

/ var system default log storage directory

After having a general understanding of the directory structure of the linux system, we further understand and learn the linux file system from four aspects: essential commands of the Linux operating system, file management, system management and user management.

1.1 essential commands for Linux operating system

1.1.1 Alias

Alias displays all aliases for the current setting

Alias name only shows what an alias represents

Unalias cancel command alias

1.1.2 Special characters for Shell

(1) wildcard characters

*: match one or more characters

? : with any single character

[s]: match any character in a range

(2) execute multiple commands in one line

(3) input and output redirection

> means to append and overwrite

> > indicates appending

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