Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

Compared with windows, linux is more stable than windows. It generally acts on the server operating system.

# while windows is mostly used in client systems

Windows system, each partition is a directory, such as c, d, e

So it has three root directories, while linux has one and only one root directory, and all the files are stored in the root directory

A brief introduction to the linux file directory

/: root directory / / all files are stored in the root directory

/ boot: the location of the startup file of the system

/ dev: hardware devices, such as CD-ROM drive, floppy disk, keyboard, etc.

/ bin: commands used by ordinary users

/ sbin: commands used by the administrator

/ var: location where log files are stored

/ tmp: temporary file storage location

/ etc: configuration file for the system

/ root: administrator's home directory

/ home: home directory for ordinary users

# next, let's introduce cd. Pwd ls

Cd: change the directory / / if you want to enter a / boot directory, type in the terminal command: cd / boot if you want to exit, type: cd.

Cd. : remain the same as the current directory / / if you are now under / root, type cd at the terminal command line. If so, it will remain in this directory and will not make any changes.

Cd.. Return to the previous level

Cd ~: returns the current user's home directory

Cd -: return to the directory where you were last time: if you enter cd / boot to enter the / boot directory, continue to type cd / etc, and then type cd-finally you will go back to the / boot directory

# pwd: displays the current working directory

Example: if you type cd / etc/passwd into / etc/psswd on the command line and enter pwd, it will display / etc/passwd: this is the current working directory

Ls: shows all the files in the current directory / / that is, query the files in the current directory

Example: cd / boot

Ls / / this will list all the files under the boot

# continue to introduce the modification of hostname in linux

One is to modify the configuration file directly, and the other is to enter the command directly.

For example, I want to change my host name to teacher.tedu.com

On the command line, enter: hostnamectl set-hostname teaher.tedu.com / / modify the hostname

Hostnametl / / query hostname

The following method is to modify the configuration file directly because the hostname file is stored in / etc/hostname

Enter echo teacher.tedu.com > / etc/hostname / / on the command line to append the hostname teacher.tedu.com to the hostanme file

# here's how to modify ip address, gateway, dns on the command line

First, query the name of your network card. Typing: ifconfig: on the command line will display all the network card names.

There is only one physical network card, if it is eth0

On the command line, enter: nmcli connection modify etho ipv4.method manual ipv4.address "192.168.1.1 connection.autoconnect yes 24" connection.autoconnect yes / / modify the ip address to 192.168.1.1

Nmcli connection modify eth0 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.254 / / modify the gateway address

Nmcli connection modify eth0 ipv4.dns 8.8.8.8 / / modify dns

Nmcli connection up eth0 / / activate the network card eth0

# set the ip address, gateway and dns of the network card above

# Let's introduce another way to modify dns: modify the configuration file

Because the dns file exists under / etc/resolv.conf, you can append it directly to the / etc/resolv.conf file.

For example, I want to change dns to 8.8.8.8.

You can enter: echo nameserver 8.8.8.8 > / etc/resolv.conf on the command line

Cat / etc/resolv.conf / / query dns address

Finally, a brief introduction to cat

Cat is a query command that generally queries txt files and files in which contents can be written, while ls generally lists all files that exist in a directory, including txt files

Nmcli connection show / / query all network card connections

Nmci connection status / / list the status of the device

# that's all for today and continue tomorrow

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