Shulou(Shulou.com)05/31 Report--

Today, the editor will share with you the relevant knowledge points about the basic knowledge of network security. The content is detailed and the logic is clear. I believe most people still know too much about this knowledge, so share this article for your reference. I hope you can get something after reading this article. Let's take a look at it.

1. What is a link?

A link is a connection between two devices. It includes cable types and protocols for one device to communicate with another device.

2. What is the level of the OSI reference model?

There are seven OSI layers: physical layer, data link layer, network layer, transport layer, session layer, presentation layer and application layer.

3. What is the backbone network?

A backbone network is a centralized infrastructure designed to distribute different routes and data to a variety of networks. It also handles bandwidth management and various channels.

4. What is LAN?

LAN is the abbreviation of local area network. It refers to the connection between a computer and other network devices located in a small physical location.

5. What is a node?

A node is the point where the connection occurs. It can be a computer or device that is part of a network. To form a network connection, two or more nodes are needed.

6. What is a router?

A router can connect two or more network segments. These are intelligent network devices that store information in their routing tables, such as paths, hops, and so on. With this information, they can determine the best path for data transmission. The router operates at the OSI network layer.

7. What is a peer-to-peer link?

It refers to the direct connection between two computers on the network. A point-to-point connection does not require any network equipment other than the NIC card that connects the cable to the two computers.

8. What is anonymous FTP?

Anonymous FTP is a way to grant users access to files on a public server. Users who are allowed to access the data on these servers do not need to identify themselves, but log in as anonymous visitors.

9. What is the subnet mask?

The subnet mask is combined with the IP address to identify two parts: the extended network address and the host address. Like IP addresses, the subnet mask consists of 32 bits.

10. What is the maximum length allowed for UTP cables?

A single segment of a UTP cable has an allowable length of 90 to 100 meters. This limitation can be overcome by using repeaters and switches

What is data encapsulation?

Data encapsulation is the process of decomposing information into smaller manageable blocks before it is transmitted over the network. During this process, the source and destination addresses are appended to the title along with the parity.

12. Describe the network topology

Network topology refers to the layout of computer networks. It shows the physical layout of devices and cables and how they are connected to each other.

13. What is VPN?

VPN means virtual private network, a technology that allows secure channels to be created over a network, such as Internet.

For example, VPN allows you to establish a secure dial-up connection to a remote server.

14. Briefly describe NAT.

NAT is a network address translation. This is a protocol that provides a way for multiple computers on a public network to share a single connection to Internet.

15. What is the work of the network layer under the OSI reference model?

The network layer is responsible for data routing, packet switching and network congestion control. The router runs under this layer.

16. How does the network topology affect your decision to build the network?

The network topology determines what medium the interconnecting devices must use. It also serves as the basis for setting materials, connectors and terminals.

17. What is RIP?

RIP, short for routing Information Protocol, is used by routers to send data from one network to another.

It effectively manages routing data by broadcasting its routing table to all other routers in the network. It determines the network distance in terms of hops.

What are different ways to protect computer networks?

There are several ways to do this. Install reliable and updated antivirus programs on all computers. Ensure that the firewall is set up and configured correctly. User authentication will also be of great help. All of these combinations will form a highly secure network.

19. What is NIC?

NIC is the abbreviation of network interface card (Nic). This is connected to PC to connect to the network Shenbei. Each NIC has its own MAC address that identifies the PC on the network.

What is WAN?

WAN stands for wide area network. It is the interconnection of geographically dispersed computers and devices. It connects networks located in different regions and countries.

21. What is the importance of the OSI physical layer?

The physical layer converts data bits to electrical signals, and vice versa. This is the consideration and setting of network devices and cable types.

22. How many floors are there under TCP/IP?

There are four layers: network layer, Internet layer, transport layer and application layer.

23. What are proxy servers and how do they protect computer networks?

The proxy server mainly prevents external users from identifying the IP address of the internal network. Do not know the correct IP address or even recognize the physical location of the network. The proxy server can make the network almost invisible to external users.

24. What is the function of the OSI session layer?

This layer provides protocols and methods for two devices on the network to communicate with each other by holding sessions. This includes setting up the session, managing the exchange of information during the session, and the release process when the session is terminated.

25. What is the importance of implementing fault-tolerant systems? Is it limited?

Fault-tolerant systems ensure continuous data availability. This is achieved by eliminating a single point of failure. However, in some cases, this type of system will not be able to protect data, such as accidental deletion.

What does 10Base-T mean?

10 refers to the data transfer rate, in this case 10Mbps. "Base" refers to baseband. T stands for twisted pair, which is the cable used for the network.

What is a private IP address?

A private IP address is assigned for the intranet. These addresses are used for internal networks and cannot be routed on external public networks. These ensure that there are no conflicts between internal networks, and that the range of private IP addresses can also be reused in multiple internal networks because they do not "see" each other.

28. What is NOS?

NOS or network operating system is specialized software whose main task is to provide network connections to computers so that they can communicate with other computers and connected devices.

29. What is DoS?

A DoS or denial of service attack is an attempt to prevent users from accessing the Internet or any other network service. This kind of attack may take different forms and consist of a group of permanent people. A common way to do this is to overload the system server so that it can no longer handle legitimate traffic and will be forced to reset.

What is OSI and what role does it play in the computer network?

OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) is used as a reference model for data communication. It consists of seven layers, each of which defines specific aspects of how network devices connect and communicate with each other. One layer can handle the physical media used, while the other layer indicates how to actually transmit data over the network.

31. What is the purpose of shielding the cable and having twisted pair?

Its main purpose is to prevent crosstalk. Crosstalk is electromagnetic interference or noise that may affect data transmitted over a cable.

32. What are the advantages of address sharing?

Address sharing provides inherent security advantages by using address translation instead of routing. This is because hosts on the Internet can only see the public IP address of the external interface on the computer that provides address translation, not the private IP address on the internal network.

What is the MAC address?

MAC or media access control can uniquely identify devices on the network. It is also known as a physical address or Ethernet address. The MAC address consists of 6 bytes.

34. In terms of the OSI reference model, what is the equivalent layer or multiple layers of the TCP/IP application layer?

The TCP/IP application layer actually has three peers on the OSI model: the session layer, the presentation layer and the application layer.

35. How to identify Class I of a given IP address?

By looking at the first octet of any given IP address, you can tell whether it is class A, class B, or class C. If the first octet begins with a 0 bit, the address is Class A. If it starts with bit 10, the address is a Class B address. If it starts at 110, then it is a Class C network.

36. What is the main purpose of OSPF?

OSPF, or Open shortest path first, is a link-state routing protocol that uses routing tables to determine the best path for data exchange.

37. What is a firewall?

Firewalls are used to protect internal networks from external attacks. These external threats may be hackers who want to steal data or computer viruses that can immediately eliminate data. It also prevents other users from external networks from accessing the private network.

38. Describe the star topology

A star topology consists of a central hub connected to a node. This is one of the easiest to set up and maintain.

39. What is a gateway?

The gateway provides a connection between two or more network segments. It is usually a computer that runs gateway software and provides translation services. This translation is the key to allowing different systems to communicate on the network.

40. What are the disadvantages of star topology?

One of the main disadvantages of a star topology is that once a central hub or switch is damaged, the entire network becomes unavailable.

41. What is SLIP?

The SLIP or serial line interface protocol is actually an old protocol developed in the early days of UNIX. This is one of the protocols used for remote access.

42. Give some examples of private network addresses.

10.0.0.0 with a subnet mask of 255.0.0.0

172.16.0.0 with a subnet mask of 255.240.0.0

43. What is tracert?

Tracert is a Windows utility that can be used to track the route of data collection from the router to the target network. It also shows the number of hops used throughout the transport routing.

44. What is the function of the network administrator?

Network administrators have many responsibilities, which can be summarized into three key functions: installing the network, configuring network settings, and maintaining / troubleshooting the network.

45. Describe a disadvantage of peer-to-peer networks.

When you are accessing a resource that is shared by a workstation on the network, the performance of that workstation degrades.

46. What is a hybrid network?

A hybrid network is a network setup that utilizes client-server and peer-to-peer architectures.

47. What is DHCP?

DHCP is an abbreviation for dynamic host configuration protocol. Its main task is to automatically assign IP addresses to devices on the network. It first checks the next available address that is not already occupied by any device, and then assigns it to the network device.

48. What is the main job of ARP?

The main task of ARP or address resolution protocol is to map known IP addresses to MAC layer addresses.

49. What is TCP/IP?

TCP/IP is the abbreviation of Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. This is a set of protocol layers designed to exchange data over different types of computer networks (also known as heterogeneous networks).

50. how to use a router to manage the network?

The router has a built-in console that allows you to configure different settings, such as security and data logging. You can assign restrictions to your computer, such as the resources you are allowed to access, or you can browse the Internet at a specific time of day.

These are all the contents of this article entitled "what are the basics of network security?" Thank you for reading! I believe you will gain a lot after reading this article. The editor will update different knowledge for you every day. If you want to learn more knowledge, please pay attention to the industry information channel.

Welcome to subscribe "Shulou Technology Information " to get latest news, interesting things and hot topics in the IT industry, and controls the hottest and latest Internet news, technology news and IT industry trends.