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This article mainly introduces the basic knowledge of the network, the introduction in the article is very detailed, has a certain reference value, interested friends must read it!

A network is composed of several nodes and links connecting these nodes, representing many objects and their interconnections. Mathematically, a network is a graph, generally considered to refer exclusively to weighted graphs. In addition to the mathematical definition, networks have a physical meaning, that is, networks are abstracted models from the same type of practical problem. In the computer domain, network is a virtual platform for information transmission, reception and sharing, through which the information of various points, surfaces and bodies is linked together, thus realizing the sharing of these resources.

IP address definition A: the first bit is 0 1-126.*.*.* Private address: 10.0.0.0/8 127.0.0.1/24 Network card loopback address B: the first two bits are 10 128-191.*.*.* Private address: 172.16.0.0--172.31.255.255C: the first three bits are 110 192-223.*.*.* Private address: 192.168.0.0--192.168.255.255D: the first four bits are 1110+ multicast group number 224-239.*.*.* E: The first four bits are 1111. 240-255.*.*.* For scientific research vlsm(variable length subnetting)#How many subnets can be generated: Number of available subnets =2^x #x= How many bits borrowed from the host bit to the network bit #Number of available hosts in the subnet: Number of available hosts =2^y-2 #y= Current host bit, 2 means: Host bit all 0 is the network segment number, Host bit all 1 is the broadcast address #The first address available in the network: 256-The value of the borrowed network bit Huawei switch related parameters about speed #When cir,pir, pbs appear at the same time, it means two-speed double bucket, see https://www.cnblogs.com/foonsun/p/5687978.html Note: In two-speed, two-barrel mode, pir=cir works the same as single-speed, single-barrel mode #Note that the units are all: kbpscir: committed rate 10Mb/s=10240kbpspir: peak rate, maximum rate allowed to transmit 10Mb/s=10240kbpscbs: committed burst size 125 cirpbs: For pir95th billing with peak burst size 125 times, all bandwidth values are taken out, and the highest 5% is removed. The remaining maximum bandwidth is the billing bandwidth. IDC bandwidth reuse rate how to calculate, and bandwidth reuse rate impact factors #Reuse rate: that is, improve bandwidth utilization, the larger the reuse rate, the more money, but the higher the risk Reuse rate =(Sold bandwidth-billed bandwidth by operator)/billed bandwidth by operator *100% Billing cycle: Generally natural month, or billing day; billed bandwidth by operator: 1: Quantitative type, i.e. purchased bandwidth; 2: guaranteed, exceeding 95th type; 95th is less than guaranteed, i.e. guaranteed value; 95th is greater than guaranteed; i.e. actual 95th value #Peak offset rate greater than 1 indicates peak offset, and the larger the better Peak offset rate = sum of customer peak bandwidth/total peak value #Reuse rate result: (-1 to positive real number) is negative: no multiplexing is 0: no multiplexing is greater than 0: multiplexing #multiplexing rate control range considerations: 1: according to customer service type analysis decision: peak hours, whether there will be bursts, vulnerability, data synchronization period 2: supporting dedicated line sales volume 3: network peak time difference (time division, frequency division vlan)4: tenant sharing? The above is all the contents of this article "What are the basics of the network?" Thank you for reading! Hope to share the content to help everyone, more relevant knowledge, welcome to pay attention to the industry information channel!

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