Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

This article mainly shows you the "linux Vim how to achieve find and replace commands", the content is easy to understand, clear, hope to help you solve doubts, the following let the editor lead you to study and learn "how to find and replace commands in linux Vim" this article.

Vi/Vim can be said to be a generation of legends in text editing, and it still has a place in the arsenal of senior programmers. Every Linux distribution contains Vim by default, and you can install Vim even if you are not a Linux system user.

Demo file creation

In order to better explain the follow-up, we first need to prepare a demonstration file. Here, I generate a text file PackageList.txt that contains all the installed packages on the system as a demonstration file.

Cat PackageList.txt

Now, let's open the text file in Vim. After that, we will conduct a follow-up demonstration in this file.

Vim PackageList.txt

Vim search function

Under Windows, many software search functions can use the ctrl+F key combination to call up the search box, and then complete the subsequent search. But in Vim, we need to use the following command structure to implement the search function:

?

For example, if we want to search for the keyword python in the PackageList.txt file, we can do this:

? python

By default, the search locates to a match closest to the current cursor. If we want to go to the next / previous search results, please use the following buttons:

N-looking for the next match

N-search for the last matching result

Note: don't forget to press the Enter key before using the above keys. Otherwise, the search term will be changed!

The above is only the basic search function under Vim, if you think this is its full search function, it is too young and too simple. Next, let's try a more powerful search function.

First, give the search format:

/\ / >

Here,\

Indicates the end of the string, with the string expression that needs to be searched in the middle.

As in the previous example, use n or N to navigate the search results.

The intermediate string expression supports not only the direct input of keywords, but also the use of wildcards. For example, to search for a string that begins with python-, we can use python*. Here * means to match any character.

/\

When the search is over, Vim defaults to placing the cursor at the starting character of the matching keyword.

Do not like the default positioning of the cursor? It doesn't matter, Vim allows us to change the default character position of the cursor.

/ python/e

Here, the function of e is to position the cursor to the end character of the matching keyword.

Not only that, using the following command mode, you can also position the cursor below or above the search results.

/ / + 2 or / /-3

You can also offset the cursor from the beginning / end of the search match. For example, the following command positions the cursor at three characters next to the beginning.

/ / s+3//b+3

Here, s represents the beginning, and + 3 represents the third character from the beginning. B also stands for begin, which functions like s. You can also see from the screenshot that Vim automatically translates b into s.

If you are interested in offsetting from the end of the search match, use e (end).

/

-perform actions on a specific set of lines

Search_string-string to be replaced

Replace_string-A new string that replaces the old string

Modifier-determines the replacement behavior, with several different values g-global replacement gc-requires confirmation of gn before each replacement-ignores the replacement function and highlights the search results.

For example, replace all python strings with Python3 strings in the PackageList.txt file.

:% s/python/Python3/g

Easy, isn't it? Let's take a look at the following order.

:% s/python/Python3/gc

As you can see, it asks you at the bottom if you want to replace it. At this point, you can choose some actions. So what do these stand for? Let's look at it one by one.

Y-allows changes to be made.

N-disables the execution of changes.

A-replace all.

Q-quit the task.

L-just replace this situation. Then, quit.

^ E (Ctrl + E)-Scroll up the screen

^ Y (Ctrl + Y)-scroll down the screen

Next, let's try the domain of scope. In fact, we have used the% range (for the entire file range) in the previous example.

If we don't want to find and replace across the file, what if we only want to do this on a few specific lines? We can use a format similar to the following command:

: 200250 s/python/Python3/g

After doing this, Vim replaces all python starting at line 200 and ending at line 250 with Python3.

This function is not limited to one word, but also completes the replacement of multiple keywords. Its command format is as follows:

:% s /\ |\ | / / g

For example, let's want to change all python and py in the text to Python3.

:% s/python\ | py/Python3/g

Case sensitive

All the replacement operations mentioned earlier in this article are case-sensitive. For example, Python,python, PYTHON and so on are all different.

If you want to ignore case, you can add a\ c after the search string, as follows:

/\ c:% s /\ c Universe g

However, this setting is temporary and will expire when Vim is turned off. If you want to do it once and for all, you can also set case insensitivity directly from the vimrc file.

Set ignorecase

There is another interesting practice: smart case mode.

Set smartcase

Ignorecase forces Vim to ignore case. However, if there are only uppercase letters in the search keywords, smartcase will make Vim case-sensitive again.

Note: if you want to enable smartcase, you first need to set up ignorecase.

The above is all the contents of the article "how to implement the find and replace command in Vim in linux". Thank you for reading! I believe we all have a certain understanding, hope to share the content to help you, if you want to learn more knowledge, welcome to follow the industry information channel!

Welcome to subscribe "Shulou Technology Information " to get latest news, interesting things and hot topics in the IT industry, and controls the hottest and latest Internet news, technology news and IT industry trends.