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MicroRNA refers to what, many novices are not very clear about this, in order to help you solve this problem, the following editor will explain for you in detail, people with this need can come to learn, I hope you can gain something.

There are many types of transcripts. In addition to the RNA that encodes the protein, there are many non-coding protein RNA, noncoding RNA, or ncRNA. In ncRNA, it is divided into two categories according to length. Long-chain non-coding RNA refers to non-coding RNA with length above 200bp, abbreviated as lncRNA; for RNA with length below 50bp, collectively referred to as small RNA.

Small RNA contains many types of small RNA, such as miRNA, siRNA and so on, among which miRNA is the most official and mature little RNA.

MiRNA is a kind of non-coding RNA with length from 18 to 36bp. There are many theories about the range of miRNA length, and some say that it is between 20 and 24bp. Most of the miRNA's length is about 21 or 22bp. The formation process of miRNA is as follows.

First, the primary miRNA transcript, pri-miRNA, is transcribed from miRNA gene. The length of pri-miRNA is between 300 and 10kbp, and then the miRNA precursor with stem-ring structure stem-loop is further processed, referred to as pre-miRNA. The length of pre-miRNA is between 70 and 90bp, and finally, it is digested by Dicer. The 5 'and 3' ends of pre-miRNA are cut to form mature miRNA, namely mature miRNA, so one pre-miRNA may produce two mature miRNA.

The research on the mechanism of miRNA is also relatively clear. The function of miRNA belongs to post-modification regulation, mainly by combining with the 3 'UTR of mRNA, and the binding region is called ``. When the sequence of the binding region is paired completely, it induces mRNA degradation, and when there is only partial sequence pairing, it inhibits the translation of mRNA, thus exerting a negative regulation mechanism, as shown below.

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