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Today, the editor will share with you the relevant knowledge points about how to configure the Nginx server for PHP programs under the Debian system. The content is detailed and the logic is clear. I believe most people still know too much about this knowledge, so share this article for your reference. I hope you can get something after reading this article.

Nginx installation method:

1 apt network installation

Modify source list

Vi / etc/apt/sources.list# adds the following source deb http://nginx.org/packages/debian/ squeeze nginxdeb-src http://nginx.org/packages/debian/ squeeze nginx

Update the source list and install nginx through apt

Apt-key add nginx_signing.keyapt-get updateapt-get install nginx

2 source code compilation and installation

First install the compilation environment, because nginx in the future use will need to use perl regularization, compression algorithm, ssl and other features, so we need to install related library files in advance.

Apt-get install build-essential apt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev zlib1g zlib1g-dev openssl libssl-dev libssl0.9.8

Download the latest stable version of nginx

Wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.3.tar.gz

Unzip to view compilation options

Tar zxvf nginx-1.2.3.tar.gzcd nginx-1.2.3#--help can see the parameters that can be configured. / configure-- help

Check out the optional configuration parameters for compilation (here are just some common configuration items):

-- the default installation path for prefix=path nginx, if not specified. Default is / usr/local/nginx

-- the path to the sbin-path=path nginx executable command file. If not specified, default / sbin/nginx

-- conf-path=path nginx profile path. If it is not specified, it defaults to / conf/nginx.conf

-- when error-log-path=path does not specify the error log path with error_log in nginx.conf, the default is / logs/error.log

-- http-log-path=path defines the log storage path of the accessed file. If access_log is not specified in nginx.conf, the default is / logs/access.log.

-- pid-path=path when the pid file path is not specified with pid in nginx.conf, the default is / logs/nginx.pid

-- lock-path=path lock file stores the route. If it is not specified in nginx.conf, it defaults to / logs/nginx.lock.

-- user=user if you do not use user to define the owner of the process running in nginx.conf, it defaults to nobody

-- group=group if you do not use user to define the group in which the process is running in nginx.conf, it defaults to nobody

-- builddir=dir set build directory

-- with-rtsig_module uses rtsig mode

-- with-select_module uses select mode, and compiles by default if there is no other valid mode on the current platform

-- without-select_module prohibits select mode

-- with-poll_module uses poll mode, and compiles by default if there is no other valid mode on the current platform

-- without-poll_module prohibits poll mode

-- with-file-aio enable file aio support

-- with-ipv6 enables ipv6 support

-- with-debug enables debug

The following modules are not enabled by default. You can use the-- with command to open the following modules

-- with-http_ssl_module opens the ssl module

-- with-http_realip_module can record client ip in the backend

-- with-http_addition_module enable ngx_http_addition_module

-- with-http_flv_module opens the flv module

-- with-http_mp4_module opens the mp4 module

-- with-http_gzip_static_module opens the gzip module

-- with-http_secure_link_module enable ngx_http_secure_link_module

-- with-http_stub_status_module open status view module

The following modules are enabled by default, and you can use the-- without option to close the relevant modules.

-- without-http_charset_module disable ngx_http_charset_module

-- without-http_gzip_module disables gzip compression module

-- without-http_ssi_module disables ssl module

-- without-http_userid_module disable ngx_http_userid_module

-- without-http_access_module disables access module

-- without-http_auth_basic_module disables auth_basic authentication module

-- without-http_autoindex_module disable column catalog module

-- without-http_geo_module disables geo module

-- without-http_map_module disables map module

-- without-http_referer_module disable ngx_http_referer_module

-- without-http_rewrite_module disables the redirect module

-- without-http_proxy_module disables proxy module

-- without-http_fastcgi_module disables fastcgi module

-- without-http_uwsgi_module disable ngx_http_uwsgi_module

-- without-http_scgi_module disable ngx_http_scgi_module

-- without-http_memcached_module disable ngx_http_memcached_module

-- without-http_limit_conn_module disable ngx_http_limit_conn_module

-- without-http_limit_req_module disable ngx_http_limit_req_module

-- without-http_empty_gif_module disable ngx_http_empty_gif_module

-- without-http_browser_module disable ngx_http_browser_module

-- without-http_upstream_ip_hash_module disables upstream module

-- with-http_perl_module opens the perl module

-- with-perl_modules_path=path sets the path of perl module

-- with-perl=path sets the path for the perl library

-- http-client-body-temp-path=path set path to store http client request body temporary files

-- http-proxy-temp-path=path set path to store http proxy temporary files

-- http-fastcgi-temp-path=path set path to store http fastcgi temporary files

-- http-uwsgi-temp-path=path set path to store http uwsgi temporary files

-- http-scgi-temp-path=path set path to store http scgi temporary files

-- without-http disables http service

-- without-http-cache disables http cache

-- with-mail enables mail service

-- with-mail_ssl_module enables ssl in the mail service

-- without-mail_pop3_module disable ngx_mail_pop3_module

-- without-mail_imap_module disable ngx_mail_imap_module

-- without-mail_smtp_module disable ngx_mail_smtp_module

-- with-google_perftools_module opens the google_perftools module

-- with-cpp_test_module opens the cpp_test module

-- add-module=path enable an external module

-- without-pcre prohibits the use of perl regular libraries

-- with-pcre enforces the use of perl regular libraries

Compilation and installation

. / configure-- prefix=/etc/nginx/-- user=nginx-- group=nginx-- with-http_ssl_module-- with-http_realip_module-- with-http_addition_module-- with-http_sub_module-- with-http_dav_module-- with-http_flv_module-- with-http_mp4_module-- with-http_gzip_static_module-- with-http_random_index_module-- with-http_secure_link_module-- with-http_ Stub_status_module-with-file-aio-with-ipv6

The result is as follows:

Compile and install

Make & & make install

Ps:fastcgi Review

Fastcgi is a scalable, high-speed communication interface between http server and dynamic scripting languages. Most popular http server supports fastcgi, including apache, nginx, and lighttpd, while fastcgi is also supported by many scripting languages, including php. Fastcgi is developed and improved from cgi. The main disadvantage of the traditional cgi interface is poor performance, because every time the http server encounters a dynamic program, it needs to restart the script parser to perform parsing, and the result is returned to the http server. This is almost unavailable when dealing with highly concurrent access. In addition, the security of the traditional cgi interface is also very poor, and now it is rarely used. The fastcgi interface adopts the fastcgi structure, which can separate the http server from the script parsing server, and start one or more script parsing daemons on the script parsing server. Every time the http server encounters a dynamic program, it can deliver it directly to the fastcgi process for execution, and then return the results to the browser. This approach allows the http server to handle static requests exclusively or return the results of the dynamic script server to the client, which greatly improves the performance of the entire application system.

Nginx does not support direct parsing of external programs, and all external programs (including php) must be called through the fastcgi interface. The fastcgi interface is socket under linux (this socket can be either a file socket or an ip socket). In order to invoke the cgi program, you also need a wrapper of fastcgi (wrapper can be understood as the program used to start another program), and this wrapper is bound to a fixed socket, such as a port or a file socket. When nginx sends the cgi request to the socket, through the fastcgi interface, wrapper accepts the request, and then derives a new thread, which calls the interpreter or external program to process the script and reads the returned data; then, wrapper passes the returned data to nginx; along the fixed socket through the fastcgi interface. Finally, nginx sends the returned data to the client, which is the whole operation of nginx+fastcgi.

Php-fpm

The php5.3 version of the source code already supports php-fpm by default, but debian6 believes that it has not been extensively tested, so in the debian6 software repository, although the php version is 5.3.3, it does not include php-fpm, if you do not want to manually compile and install php, you can change the source.

Modify source list

Vi / etc/apt/sources.listdeb http://packages.dotdeb.org stable alldeb-src http://packages.dotdeb.org stable all

Update the list of sources and install php5-fpm

Apt-get update wget http://www.dotdeb.org/dotdeb.gpgcat dotdeb.gpg | apt-key add-apt-get install php5-fpm

Install other common php5 components

Apt-get install php5 php5-cgi php5-cli php5-mysql php5-memcache

Start php-fpm

/ etc/init.d/php5-fpm start

In this way, the most basic nginx+php environment is built.

Rough understanding of nginx configuration file

The configuration file structure of nginx is similar to that in the following figure:

The configuration file mainly refers to the default configuration file generated after the compilation is completed.

Configuration options for the main module

The user directive sets the user under which the process runs. The nginx user specified when the source code is compiled and installed is the nobody account by default if not specified at the time of compilation. This line is commented in the configuration file. The user directive can set two parameters. The first specifies the user to which the process belongs, and the second is optional. Specify the group to which the process belongs.

User nginx nobody

Set the number of worker processes. Each worker process is a single thread. In a cpu-intensive environment, you can set the number of worker_processes to the number of cpu cores.

Worker_processes 4

Specify the location of the nginx error log file. If you want to prohibit the use of error_log / dev/null,error_log in the error log, you can exist in different fields such as main, http, server, and so on. You can specify the default level of the recorded log after the file.

Error_log logs/error.log

Set the path of the pid file, and you can use the kill command to send related signals

Pid logs/nginx.pid

Event module configuration options. Event module mainly controls how nginx handles connections.

Events {# if you specify more than one event model in configure, you can tell nginx through use which model to use: use epoll; # worker_connections and worker_processes, such as seletc, poll, kqueue, epoll, rtsig, / dev/poll, eventport, etc., can calculate your theoretical maximum number of links, worker_connections*worker_processes worker_connections 1024;}

The http module mainly sets the properties related to the http server.

Http {# can use the include directive to include some other files, support wildcards, use absolute paths or relative paths, and use nginx.conf as the default mime type default_type application/octet-stream based on include mime.types; # # describe the format of logging. You can use some variables when defining the format. You can find log_format main'$remote_addr-$remote_user [$time_local] "$request"'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer"$http_user_agent"$http_x_forwarded_for" 'from each module. # specify the path and format of the access log. The buffer size access_log logs/access.log main; # sendfile copy file is completed in kernel mode. More efficient sendfile on; # tcp_nopush on; # can be set two values. The first value indicates the timeout of the long connection between the client and the server, after which the server will close the connection. The second value specifies the value of timeout in the keep-alive in the reply header to let the browser know when to close the connection. Keepalive_timeout 65; # enable gzip compression gzip on; # the timeout after sending a reply to the client during the three-way handshake has not yet entered the connection state. Only two handshakes have been completed. If the answer packet is not received within the specified time, nginx will close the link send_timeout 30 server {xxx}}.

The server module is embedded in the http module and is mainly used to configure virtual hosts.

Server {# specifies the ip address and port listen 80 that can be accessed in the server field; # matches the host header of the http request with the server_name parameter in server, and finds the first result. If there is no matching on the server_name parameter, the first server that appears listen will be matched, and multiple domain names will be separated by spaces. # set an instruction to use the specified code set for the content-type field of the reply header weight. Off means not adding content-type information to the reply header weight charset off; # specify the access log path and format access_log logs/host.access.log main of the www.nginx.com domain name # if no file is specified in url, set a default home page, you can set multiple files with separate spaces, and you can configure index index.php index.htm; in http, server and location according to the different needs of url. String and regular matching can be used. The most exact match is used. After searching for the first one, it will stop # ~ * case-insensitive ~ case-sensitive; ^ ~ forbid checking regularity after string matching; = exact match between url and location, and no additional search after matching. The file root directory after the location / I / {# request arrives. In the request, root will add the value matched by location to the value specified by root. If you request / i/a.php, it will be / html/i/a.php response root html; # set index index index.html index.htm;} # in location to specify the corresponding error interface for the error code, which can be used in http, server, location fields. Error_page 404 / 404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page / 50x.html error_page 500502 503504 / 50x.html; # exact match 50x.html, the real response is / html/50x.html location = / 50x.html {root html;} # proxy the php scripts to apache listening on 127.0.1 location 80 location ~\. Php$ {proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; } # configure php script to fastcgi location ~\ .php$ {root html; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1 root html; fastcgi_pass 9000; fastcgi_index index.php; # / scripts is the directory where the php script is located fastcgi_param script_filename / scripts$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params;} # denies access to the .htaccess file location ~ / .ht {deny all }} these are all the contents of this article entitled "how to configure Nginx servers for PHP programs in Debian system". Thank you for reading! I believe you will gain a lot after reading this article. The editor will update different knowledge for you every day. If you want to learn more knowledge, please pay attention to the industry information channel.

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