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How to use Python to write gluttonous snake games, in view of this problem, this article introduces the corresponding analysis and solutions in detail, hoping to help more partners who want to solve this problem to find a more simple and easy way.

A few days ago, someone mentioned gluttonous snake, suddenly aroused my interest, after all, in that era of Nokia dominance, this game is a classic ah! And it is more appropriate to play Snake with Python.

Here through an example of getting started with Python to explain to you in detail!

Let's feel it through the following effect picture.

1 Environment

Operating system: Windows

Python version: 3.7.3

2 demand analysis

Let's first review the elements and rules of the game in Snake.

First of all, there needs to be gluttonous snakes and food; gluttonous snakes need to be able to control gluttonous snakes to move up and down to get food; gluttonous snakes increase their length after eating food, while the food disappears and new food is randomly generated; if the gluttonous snake touches the surrounding walls or touches its own body, the game is over.

The rules of the game are that simple, and then we implement it with the help of a third-party library, pygame.

Pygame is a game library using SDL library, which is a group of Python program modules used to develop game software. SDL (Simple DirectMedia Layer) is a cross-platform library that supports access to computer multimedia hardware (voice, video, input, etc.). SDL is very powerful, but the only drawback is that it is based on C language. PyGame is the Python wrapper of the SDL library. Pygame provides various interfaces based on the SDL library, so that users can create a variety of games or multimedia programs in Python language.

Its installation method is simple, as follows:

Pip install pygame

Friends who want to know more about pygame features can also refer to the official documentation.

3 code implementation

First of all, import the modules we want to use. in addition to the third-party library pygame, we will also use some Python built-in modules such as sys, random, time and so on.

Import pygame, sys, random, time# import common functions and constants from pygame.locals import from pygame module *

3.1 initialization of some global parameters

Next, we need to declare some global parameters. Such as initializing pygame, defining the size of the game window, the title of the window, defining global color variables and other information.

# initialize the Pygame library pygame.init () # initialize a game interface window DISPLAY = pygame.display.set_mode ((640,480)) # set the title of the game window pygame.display.set_caption ('everyone is Pythonista-Snake') # define a variable to control the game speed FPSCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock () # initialize the font used in the game interface BASICFONT = pygame.font.SysFont ("SIMYOU.TTF") 80) # define the color variable BLACK = pygame.Color (0,0,0) WHITE = pygame.Color (255,255,255) RED = pygame.Color (255,0,0) GREY = pygame.Color (150,150,150)

3.2 initialize gluttonous snakes and food

Gluttonous snakes and food are needed in the game, and we give an initial value. We regard the whole interface as many 20-20 squares, each representing a standard grid, and the length of the gluttonous snake can be represented by several standard squares. We store the gluttonous snake's body in the form of a list to facilitate subsequent deletion.

Initial position of the gluttonous snake and food snake_Head = [100100] # initialize the length of the gluttonous snake snake_Body = [80100], [60100], [40100] # specify the direction of the snake's initial advance Direction to the right = "right" # given the location of the first food food_Position = [300300] # Food tag: 0 indicates that the food has been eaten 1 means it hasn't been eaten. Food_flag = 1

3.3 realize the up and down movement of the gluttonous snake

We need to control the up and down movement of the gluttonous snake, which is achieved here by monitoring keyboard input. Use the keyboard keys or WASD keys to control the movement of gluttonous snakes.

# detect Pygame events such as keystrokes for event in pygame.event.get (): if event.type = = QUIT: # after receiving the exit event, exit the program pygame.quit () sys.exit () # judge the keyboard event The arrow keys or wsad are used to indicate the upper and lower left and right elif event.type = = KEYDOWN: if (event.key = = K_UP or event.key = = Kremw) and direction! = DOWN: direction = UP if (event.key = = K_DOWN or event.key = = Knowles) and direction! = UP: direction = DOWN if (event.key = = K_LEFT or event.key = = Krema) and direction! = RIGHT: direction = LEFT if (event.key = K_RIGHT or event.key = = Kremd) and direction! = LEFT: direction = RIGHT

The next step is to turn the direction of the snake according to the input of the keyboard and add the current position of the snake's head to the list of snake bodies.

# change the head of the snake according to the keyboard input, and make a turn if direction = = LEFT: snake_Head [0]-= 20if direction = = RIGHT: snake_Head [0] + = 20if direction = = UP: snake_Head [1]-= 20if direction = = DOWN: snake_Head [1] + = 2 add the current position of the snake's head to the list of snake bodies snake_Body.insert (0, list (snake_Head))

3.4 determine whether food is eaten or not

If the position of the snakehead coincides with the food, it is determined that the food is eaten and the amount of food is zero; if the food is not eaten, the snakehead will follow the snakehead, and the last section of the snakehead will be kicked out of the list.

# judge whether to eat food if snake_Head [0] = = food_Position [0] and snake_Head [1] = = food_Position [1]: food_flag = 0else: snake_Body.pop ()

3.5 regenerate food

When the number of food in the game interface is 0, the food needs to be regenerated. Using random function to generate random position

# generate new food if food_flag = = 0: # randomly generate x, y x = random.randrange (1Magazine 32) y = random.randrange (1Magazine 24) food_Position = [int (Xerox 20), int (Yee 20)] food_flag = 1

3.6 draw information about gluttonous snakes, food, scores, etc.

Define the drawing function of gluttonous snake

# draw gluttonous snake def drawSnake (snake_Body): for i in snake_Body: pygame.draw.rect (DISPLAY, WHITE, Rect (I [0], I [1], 20,20))

Define the drawing function of food

# draw the location of food def drawFood (food_Position): pygame.draw.rect (DISPLAY, RED, Rect (food_Position [0], food_Position [1], 20, 20))

A drawing function that defines a fraction

# print out the current score

Def drawScore (score):

# set the display color of fractions

Score_Surf = BASICFONT.render ('% s'% (score), True, GREY)

# set the location of the score

Score_Rect = score_Surf.get_rect ()

Score_Rect.midtop = (320,240)

# bind the above settings to the handle

DISPLAY.blit (score_Surf, score_Rect)

After these are defined, we need to call them in the main logic of the game and refresh the display layer of Pygame. Every time Snake and Food move, the display layer will be refreshed to display. Finally, we can set a speed value to reasonably control the speed of game execution.

DISPLAY.fill (BLACK) # draw the gluttonous snake drawSnake (snake_Body) # draw the location of the food drawFood (food_Position) # print the player's score drawScore (len (snake_Body)-3) # refresh the display layer of the Pygame, every time the gluttonous snake and the food move, the display layer will be refreshed to display. Pygame.display.flip () # controls game speed FPSCLOCK.tick (7)

3.7 define the picture of the end of the game and determine whether the game is over or not

Define a function that shows the end of the game and exits the program

# end of the game and exit def GameOver (): # set the display color of GameOver GameOver_Surf = BASICFONT.render ('GameOver!', True, GREY) # set the position of GameOver GameOver_Rect = GameOver_Surf.get_rect () GameOver_Rect.midtop = (320,10) # bind the above settings to handle DISPLAY.blit (GameOver_Surf GameOver_Rect) pygame.display.flip () # wait 3 seconds time.sleep (3) # quit the game pygame.quit () # exit program sys.exit ()

Add judgment to the main logic of the game to determine whether the game is over.

If snake_Head [0] 620: GameOver () if snake_Head [1] 460: GameOver () # Snake touches itself for i in snake_Body [1:]: if snake_Head [0] = = I [0] and snake_Head [1] = I [1]: GameOver ()

In this paper, the simplest version of Snake is implemented by using Pygame module. Of course, there are many areas that need to be optimized, such as how to avoid appearing on the Snake itself when randomly generating food, how to automatically control the speed of the game through the length of the Snake, and so on.

This is the answer to the question about how to write the Snake game in Python. I hope the above content can be of some help to you. If you still have a lot of doubts to be solved, you can follow the industry information channel to learn more about it.

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