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2025-01-21 Update From: SLTechnology News&Howtos shulou NAV: SLTechnology News&Howtos > Internet Technology >
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Article | Captain of Sailing soft data Application Research Institute
This article is from: Zhihu column "soft data Application Research Institute"-- data practical information & information concentration.
Can leaders rely solely on ERP reports for business decisions? I can't!
1. Lack of personalization of ERP report: enterprise management decision report serves the senior management of the enterprise. The format, dimension, index and data are determined according to the management needs of the senior management and management, which are the personalized needs of different enterprises and leaders.
2. Insufficient data in ERP report: the enterprise management decision report fully reflects the operation status of the enterprise. The source of information is not only ERP, but also POS, CRM, OA, manufacturing system, supply chain system and other information systems.
3. Insufficient dimensions of ERP report: enterprise management decision report pays attention to indicators and dimensions. ERP report is only a formatted presentation of database data, which needs to be processed into indicators and dimensions for summary analysis.
4. Insufficient comparison of ERP statements: business decision reports emphasize comparison, to compare different dimensions and indicators, to compare different periods of time, to compare actual operation and planning data, or even to compare competitive products, these decision reports ERP is difficult to meet.
(the article is aimed at most enterprises with many kinds of business systems, some deep users of ERP may laugh, their horizons are limited, and if there are any deficiencies, they also hope to make comments and corrections! )
What is a business decision report
To explore whether the ERP report can make a business decision, we should first study the business decision report and the management decision system, and then judge whether the ERP report is fully satisfied, if there are deficiencies, how to improve it.
Business decision report is a chart report based on real data processing and comparison and judgment needed for management to make decisions. Business decision report = real-time data + graphic report analysis + judgment decision. For the decision report, the senior and middle levels of the enterprise pay attention to different dimensions and indicators, and do decision analysis with different depth and scope. The purpose of the business decision report is not only to let the senior management do the decision analysis, but also to let the middle managers do the decision analysis, so that the senior management can see how the middle management, decision making and analysis are done.
Enterprise statements generally include tax statements, statistical statements required by the government, general accounting statements and management decision statements. As you can see, the report that comes with ERP is not in the category of enterprise report. That is, the general enterprise managers and external related units need statistical reports, none of which can be directly satisfied by ERP reports.
The reason why ERP report can't make a decision
Business decision-making is really inseparable from a variety of reports. But the enterprise has implemented ERP,ERP with data, indicators, and reports, and it is still systematic, so it is not necessary to use the ERP reports directly, why redesign the reports and indicators? Why spend money on the data analysis platform?
For example, enterprises have successfully implemented large-scale ERP and developed a large number of reports based on ERP. However, leaders always put forward some interim reporting requirements before making decisions or holding meetings for research, which are often different. We asked, why don't you use so many reports on ERP? The leader said he didn't want what he wanted. Yes, so many reports are based on data statistics, and none of them are compared and analyzed as he wants.
Why can't ERP reports directly support decisions? The analysis and decision-making of middle and high-level management in enterprises is mainly based on business logic and market environment, which contains a large number of management frameworks and management ideas, such as 4p or 4C of marketing. purchase, sale and storage in the supply chain, balance between supply and demand, various management logic of purchasing business, and so on. Only a few reports of ERP can be used for direct decision-making, and most of them can not assist business decision-making.
The root causes are summarized as follows.
Insufficient data: the enterprise management decision report fully reflects the operation status of the enterprise, and the source of information is not only ERP, but also POS, CRM, OA, manufacturing system, supply chain system and other information systems. These data need to be combined to form the analysis content. For example, shop floor efficiency (store sales income / store area), simple ERP report is difficult to make such an analysis. However, most of the reports we design according to the management needs design this kind of cross-system data requirements, so the simple ERP report is difficult to meet the management needs.
Insufficient dimension indicators: business analysis reports pay more attention to indicators, such as inventory turnover rate, order satisfaction rate, just-in-time delivery rate, shop floor efficiency / human efficiency, etc. (human efficiency = store sales revenue / number of employees), which needs to be processed on the basis of ERP information; while ERP reports are generally not presented in the form of indicators, but mainly format the information in the system.
Lack of comparison: the report required in the business analysis report emphasizes comparison. For example, the comparison of the same period of the previous year, the plan comparison, and the comparison between different departments; while the ERP report is mainly the presentation of current data, which takes up more computing resources compared with historical data, and does not necessarily have these data in ERP compared with planned data, so the ERP report is difficult to meet these requirements.
How to construct the report system of Management decision
Since the ERP report is insufficient, how to improve it? This requires us to build a set of management decision report system. Different reports are aimed at different users, and different indicators are aimed at different users, so when designing reports and indicators, they should be layered: strategy layer, decision-making layer, operation layer, reports and indicators are gradually refined, and finally form the index pyramid and the report pyramid.
Strategic level: reflects the overall strategy or business objectives of an enterprise or a business area. For example, for the enterprise as a whole, the strategic indicators include sales, profit, brand, market share and so on. For the supply chain business, the corresponding strategic indicators are service level and cost.
Strategy layer: connection layer and operation layer, reflecting whether appropriate matching strategies have been adopted for each strategic goal, and whether there is any deviation in the implementation of various business strategies. For example, for the procurement field, the proportion index of strategic suppliers; for the marketing field, the matching degree between consumer groups and brand positioning.
Operation layer: the final implementation of the strategy comes from the implementation of business operations. The operation layer reflects the efficiency of business implementation and the achievement of goals, helps employees to better carry out their daily work, find value-added points, and monitor problem points. For example, different regions, different sales staff to achieve the sales target progress and so on.
The figure below is an example of the hierarchical index design of an enterprise's supply chain. The supply chain is divided into four business areas: order, procurement, logistics and manufacturing, and indicators are designed for a certain business area from the strategic layer, the strategic layer and the operational layer. Most of these indicators are not included in ERP reports.
The following picture shows the Gregorian calendar for the design of hierarchical indicators of an enterprise's supply chain. The supply chain is divided into four business areas: order, procurement, logistics and manufacturing, and indicators are designed for a certain business area from the strategic layer, the strategic layer and the operational layer. Most of these indicators are not included in ERP reports.
Generally speaking, ERP realizes the support of business, but it can not be said to support management, especially for high-level decision-making, which is the reason why data warehouse, business intelligence and other solutions can exist. Only when the business analysis report system is realized through the report form and BI platform, can the information system support the high-level decision-making. According to different industries and different business characteristics, how to build a hierarchical management report system, welcome to communicate, or pay attention to the column industry case.
This paper comes from the practice of Fan soft Project and "constructing Enterprise Management Analysis system with data decision-making-GE Xinhong / Wang Jun (Douban)"
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