Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

Xiaosheng blog: http://xsboke.blog.51cto.com

-Thank you for your reference. If you have any questions, you are welcome to communicate.

I. Lamp work flow

1. Client requests web server, and the request page is php dynamic page.

2. Web server connects to php through cgi, fastcgi or apache modules

3. The php-fpm component of php server handles requests and parses php language through php parser.

4. Then php server fetches the data through the mysql protocol and returns it to web server

II. How Web server connects to php

1. Apache

There are three ways of Apache: CGI mode, fastCGI mode, and apache module.

2. Nginx

There are two ways of Nginx: FastCGI and proxy-pass

III. The working mechanism of FastCGI

The performance of fastCGI is better than that of CGI, so the production environment is generally the same as fastCGI mode.

There are two ways to request by client: dynamic request and static request

The static request is returned by the apache in direct response

Dynamic request needs to call phpserver through fastcgi protocol and return to apache. Apache returns the result after interpretation. If this process involves operation on data, php will also call mysql server through mysql protocol.

IV. Stress testing tools

1. Common stress testing tools

Ab 、 http_load 、 webbench 、 siege

2. Ab (stress testing tool included with apache)

The ab command creates multiple concurrent access threads to simulate multiple visitors accessing a URL address at the same time.

Its testing goal is based on URL, so it can be used to test not only the load pressure of apache, but also the pressure of other Web servers such as nginx, lighthttp, tomcat, IIS and so on.

Considerations for the use of Ab. By default, Linux can only open 1024 files at the same time, so a maximum of 1024 requests can be processed at the same time. This parameter is set by the variable ulimit. Ulimit-n can view the number of files currently allowed to open at the same time, or you can set the value directly.

5. Php accelerator xcache

1. Caching principle

When the php server interpreter parses a php page, it caches the parsed content in the cache file, when the same php

When a page is requested multiple times, it is not necessary to parse it every time and then respond to apache

Case: lamp+xcache

1. Case environment

two。 Build lamp platform

The installation of Apache and mysql is no longer described here, just start with the installation of php

Install the php dependency package first

Install libmcrypt

Compile and install php

-- prefix=/usr/local/php5.6: specify the installation directory

-- with-mysql=mysqlnd / / supports mysql

-- with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd// supports pdo module

-- with-mysqli=mysqlnd// supports mysqli module

These three parameters are important parameters for lamp separation.

-- with-openssl// supports openssl module

-- enable-fpm// supports fpm mode

-- enable-sockets// enables socket support

-- enable-sysvshm// enables system shared memory support

Enable-mbstring// multi-byte strings, like our Chinese is multi-byte strings

-- with-freetype-dir// supports freetype, freetype-devel, font-related, font parsing tools

-- with-jpeg-dir

-- with-png-dir

Note: the function of the above two options: deal with jpeg, png pictures, php can dynamically generate jpeg pictures

-- with-zlib// is a compression library used to compress transmission over the Internet.

-- with-libxml-dir=/usr// this libxml is used to parse xml, specified under / usr

-- enable-xml / / support xml

-- with-mhash// supports mhash

-- with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt / / libmcrypt-devel specified by this package

-- with-config-file-path=/etc// specifies the path where the configuration file is stored

-- with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d / / profile scan path

-- with-bz2 / / supports BZip2

Copy profile

Optimize the script path of php-fpm program

Copy the php-fpm configuration file

Configure the php-fpm file

Start the php-fpm service and open the 9000tcp port

Create a new virtual host directory on php server to store php web page files (and create two test pages)

Authorize an account on mysql server to test the connection and open the 3306tcp port

Configure apache connection php server in apache server

1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

7)

3. Test the lamp platform

First test whether php can parse

Test whether you can connect to the mysql

4. Building xcache Accelerator on php server

1) install xcache cache accelerator

If the configure Times that generates xcache is wrong, if you don't report it, you don't need to solve the problem.

Solution:

First yum installs M4

Then yum installs autoconf

Regenerate the configure file

Compile and install again

2) after installation, this line prompt indicates that the installation is successful.

Note: this line of parameters need to remember that in the php.ini configuration file, when you add a xcache module, you need to specify the module file.

(xcache.so), and module files are stored in this directory

3) create xcache cache file

4) copy the xcache daemon to the root of the website. At the same time, you also need to copy a copy to the apache server

5) configure the php.ini file to make php support xcache

Restart the php-fpm service

6) testing

7) modify the time zone of php.ini

8) restart php-fpm and verify

5. Installation and use of Ab stress testing tools

Install it on the client and install it directly with yum.

1) the use of ab tools

2) the number of concurrent connections is also limited by the number of files that linux can open at the same time.

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