Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

The difference between Git and traditional version control systems:

Traditional version control system:

1. Treat the information saved by the data as a set of basic files and the differences that each file accumulates over time.

2. Record only the data that has changed

3. Each clone only gets the latest content.

Git:

1. When you make a set of snapshots of the data, and each time you submit an update or save the project status in Git, it mainly makes a snapshot of all the files at that time and saves the index of the snapshot.

2. If the file is not modified, Git no longer restores the file, but only retains a link to the previously stored file

3. Most operations in Git only require access to local files and resources, and generally do not require information from other computers on the network

4. All data in Git calculates a checksum before it is stored. If you lose information or damage a file during transmission, Git will find out.

5. The mechanism used by Git to calculate the checksum is called SHA-1 hash, which consists of a string of 40 hexadecimal characters and is calculated based on the content or directory structure of the file in Git

6. The information saved in the Git database is indexed by the hash value of the file content, not the file name.

7. Git generally only adds data

8. The client not only takes a snapshot of the latest version of the file, but also mirrors the code repository completely. Each clone operation is actually a complete backup of the code repository.

There are three states of Git:

Submitted (committed): indicates that the data has been safely saved in the local database

Modified (modified): indicates that the file has been modified but has not been saved to the database

Staged: indicates that the current version of a modified file is marked to be included in the next submitted snapshot

If a specific version of the file is saved in the Git directory, it is in the submitted state

If it has been modified and put into the temporary storage area, it belongs to the temporary storage state.

If a modification has been made since the last time it was removed but has not been placed in the temporary storage area, the status has been modified.

The three workspaces of the Git project:

Git repository: the place where Git stores the metadata and object database of the project. It is the most important part of Git. When you clone the repository from other computers, you copy the data here.

Working directory: the content extracted independently from a version of the project. These files extracted from the compressed database of the Git warehouse are placed on disk for you to use or modify.

Staging area: a file that holds the list of files to be submitted next time, usually in the Git repository directory, sometimes referred to as an index

The basic workflow of Git:

1. Modify the file in the working directory

2. Temporarily save the file and put the snapshot of the file into the temporary storage area

3. Submit the update, find the file in the temporary storage area, and permanently store the snapshot in the Git warehouse directory.

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