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This article introduces the knowledge of "how to burn image files from Linux command line to DVD disc". In the actual case operation process, many people will encounter such difficulties. Next, let Xiaobian lead you to learn how to deal with these situations! I hope you can read carefully and learn something!

When we are operating Linux and need to burn image files to DVD, how do we do that? The following small series introduces you how to burn image files from Linux command line to DVD, let's learn together.

The two most common image file formats are ISO (.iso for file extension) and NRG (.nrg for file extension). The ISO format is a global standard created by ISO (International Standards Organization) and therefore supported by most operating systems, providing a high degree of portability. The NRG format, on the other hand, is a proprietary format developed by Nero AG, a popular disk imaging and burning software company.

Here's how to burn an.iso or.nrg image to DVD from the Linux command line.

Burn.ISO image files to DVD

To burn an.iso image file to DVD, we will use growisofs:

# growisofs -dvd-compat -speed=4 -Z /dev/dvd1=WindowsXPProfessionalSP3Original.iso

On the command line above, the "-dvd-compat" option provides maximum media compatibility with DVD-ROM/-Video. In the write-once DVD+R or DVD-R context, results in no add-on records (closed disk).

The "-Z /dev/dvd1 =filename.iso" option means that we burn the.iso file to the media selected in the device menu (/dev/dvd1).

The "-speed=N" parameter specifies the recording speed of the DVD recorder, which is directly related to the ability of the drive itself. "-speed=8" will burn at 8x,"-speed=16" will burn at 16x, and so on. Without this parameter, growisofs will default to burning at the lowest speed, in this case 4x. You can choose the appropriate burn speed based on the available speed of your burner and the disk type.

You can follow this tutorial to find out the device name of your DVD burner and the write speeds it supports.

After the burn process is complete, the disk will eject automatically.

Convert NRG images to ISO format

Since ISO is widely adopted, burning.iso images to CD/DVD is very simple. However, to burn an.nrg image you first need to convert it to.iso format.

To convert an.nrg image file to.iso format, you can use the nrg2iso tool. It is an open source program that converts images created by Nero Burning Rom into standard.iso (ISO9660) files.

Install nrg2iso on Debian and its derivatives:

# aptitude install nrg2iso

Install nrg2iso on Red Hat-based distributions:

# yum install nrg2iso

On CentOS/RHEL, you need to enable the Repoforge repository before installing it via yum.

After installing the nrg2iso package, use the following command to convert the.nrg image to.iso format:

# nrg2iso filename.nrg filename.iso

When the conversion is complete, an.iso file appears in the current directory:

Check the integrity of burned media

At this point, you can check the integrity of the burned media by comparing the checksum of the burned DVD with the md5 checksum of the original.iso file. If both are the same, you can rest assured that the burn was successful.

However, when you use nrg2iso to convert.nrg images to.iso format, you need to understand that nrg2iso creates.iso files that are not multiples of 2048 (usually.iso files are multiples of that). Therefore, conventional checksum comparison, the.iso file and burn media content is not the same.

On the other hand, if you have burned an.iso image that was not converted from an.nrg file, you can use the following command to check the integrity of the data recorded to the DVD. Replace "/dev/dvd1" with your device name.

# md5sum filename.iso; dd if=/dev/dvd1 bs=2048 count=$（（$（stat -c "%s" filename.iso） / 2048）） | md5sum

The first part of the command calculates the md5 checksum of the.iso file, while the second part reads the disk contents in/dev/dvd1 and pipes them out to the md5sum tool. "bs=2048" means that dd command will check in 2048 byte blocks because the original iso file is divided in 2048 units.

If both md5 checksums have the same value, this means that the burned media is valid.

"How to burn image files from Linux command line to DVD disc" content is introduced here, thank you for reading. If you want to know more about industry-related knowledge, you can pay attention to the website. Xiaobian will output more high-quality practical articles for everyone!

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